日粮添加抗菌肽与酸化剂对肉鸡生长性能、血清免疫与肠道形态的影响

Effect of dietary antimicrobial peptides and acidifiers on growth performance,serum immunity and intestinal morphology of broilers

试验旨在研究抗菌肽与酸化剂对肉鸡生长性能、血清免疫功能及肠道形态的影响。选取1日龄、健康的AA肉仔鸡2000只,随机分成4组,每组10重复,每个重复50只。对照组肉仔鸡饲喂基础饲粮,抗菌肽组肉仔鸡饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg抗菌肽,酸化剂组肉仔鸡饲喂基础饲粮+0.1%酸化剂,抗菌肽+酸化剂组肉仔鸡饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg抗菌肽+0.1%酸化剂。试验期6周。结果显示:抗菌肽、复合酸化剂、抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组肉仔鸡21日龄和42日龄体重和平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05);且抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组肉仔鸡平均日增重显著高于抗菌肽、复合酸化剂组(P<0.05)。1~42日龄,抗菌肽、复合酸化剂、抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组肉仔鸡平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。抗菌肽、复合酸化剂、抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组肉仔鸡血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。抗菌肽、复合酸化剂、抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组肉仔鸡的十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于抗菌肽组和复合酸化剂组(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著低于抗菌肽组和复合酸化剂组(P<0.05),复合酸化剂组和抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组十二指肠绒隐比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组回肠的绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),抗菌肽、复合酸化剂、抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组回肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),抗菌肽+复合酸化剂组回肠绒隐比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,使用抗菌肽、复合酸化剂可以显著提高肉仔鸡生长性能,增强体液免疫,改善肠道形态健康,且抗菌肽+复合酸化剂的效果优于单独添加抗菌肽、复合酸化剂。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of antimicrobial peptides and acidifiers on growth performance,serum immune function and intestinal morphology of broilers.A total of 2000 one-day-old healthy AA broilers were randomly divided into four groups,with ten replicates in each group and 50 broilers in each replicate.Broilers in control group were fed with a basal diet,broilers in antibacterial peptide group were fed with basal diet+300 mg/kg antibacterial peptide,broilers in acidifier group were fed with basal diet+0.1%acidifier,and broilers in antibacterial peptide+acidifier group were fed with basal diet+300 mg/kg antibacterial peptide+0.1%acidifier.The experiment lasted for 6 w.The results showed that the body weight and average daily gain of broilers in antimicrobial peptide group,compound acidifier and antimicrobial peptide+compound acidifier group at 21 and 42 d of age were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and feed to gain ratio was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The average daily gain of broilers in antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly higher than that in antibacterial peptide and compound acidifier group(P<0.05).At 1 to 42 d of age,the average daily gain of broilers in antimicrobial peptide,compound acidifier and antimicrobial peptide+compound acidifier groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The content of serum immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in antibacterial peptide group,compound acidifier group and antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The villus height of duodenum in antibacterial peptide group,compound acidifier and antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),the crypt depth was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05),and villus height in antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly higher than that in antibacterial peptide group and compound acidifier group(P<0.05).The crypt depth was significantly lower than that in antimicrobial peptide group and compound acidifier group(P<0.05),and the pile crypt ratio in compound acidifier group and antimicrobial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The villus height of the ileum in antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),the crypt depth of the ileum in antibacterial peptide group,compound acidifier group and antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05),and pile crypt ratio in antibacterial peptide+compound acidifier group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The experiment indicates that antibacterial peptides and compound acidifiers can significantly improve the growth performance,humoral immunity and intestinal health of broilers,and the effect of antibacterial peptides and compound acidifiers is better than that of antibacterial peptides and compound acidifiers alone.