认知能力训练对甲基苯丙胺依赖女性青年工作记忆的影响

Effects of cognitive training on working memory of female methamphetamine-dependent youths

目的探究甲基苯丙胺依赖青年女性工作记忆能力的特点,分析通过时空编码(CODING)训练任务对甲基苯丙胺依赖青年工作记忆能力的影响。方法选取四川省某女子戒毒所甲基苯丙胺依赖青年女性60名作为甲基苯丙胺依赖组,同时选取某职业高中和大学女性健康志愿者60名作为正常对照组。采用视觉记忆力测试(VISGED)评价被试工作记忆能力,运用SPSS 21.0软件对两组记忆力差异进行非参数检验;根据工作记忆基线匹配原则将甲基苯丙胺依赖组分为治疗组和等待组,对治疗组进行时空编码范式进行工作记忆训练,通过独立样本t检验分析其训练效果。结果(1)甲基苯丙胺依赖组与正常对照组工作记忆的个人参数[0.06(-1.62,1.67),1.93(-0.28,2.71)]和工作项目[15.00(14.00,16.00),17.00(15.00,20.00)]均差异具有统计学意义(Z=-3.83,P<0.05;Z=-3.50,P<0.05)。(2)通过记忆力训练,治疗组训练前后个人参数[(0.08±1.79),1.68(0.68,2.25)]差异具有统计学意义(Z=-3.63,P<0.05),等待组前后测试中个人参数[(-0.01±1.86),0.72(-1.54,1.88)]差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.35,P>0.05)。结论甲基苯丙胺依赖会损伤青年女性的工作记忆,这种损伤不因年龄和教育水平而有所不同;记忆力训练能一定程度的恢复和提升记忆能力,有助于学习能力和生活能力的恢复,为更好回归社会奠定了基础。

Objective To explore the characteristics of working memory ability of female methamphetamine dependent youths,and to analyze the effect of spatial and temporal training task(CODING)on working memory ability of female methamphetamine dependent youths.Methods Sixty methamphetamine dependent youths from a women's drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan province were selected as the methamphetamine dependent group,while 60 female healthy volunteers from vocational high schools and universities participated as the healthy control group.Visual memory test(VISGED)was used to evaluat the working memory ability of the subjects,and SPSS 21.0 software was used for the nonparametric test of the memory difference between the two groups.The methamphetamine dependent group was divided into treatment group and waiting group based on the baseline matching principle of working memory.The treatment group was trained under the spatio-temporal CODING paradigm for working memory,and the training effect was assessed using the independent sample t-test.Results(1)The individual parameters(0.06(-1.62,1.67)vs 1.93(-0.28,2.71))and working program(15.00(14.00 vs 16.00),17.00(15.00,20.00))of working memory in methamphetamine dependent group and normal control group were statistically significant(Z=-3.83,P<0.05,Z=-3.50;P<0.05).(2)Through memory training,the personal parameters before and after training in the treatment group((0.08±1.79)vs 1.68(0.68,2.25))had a statistically significant difference(Z=-3.63,P<0.05).The personal parameters before and after the test in the waiting group((-0.01±1.86)vs 0.72(-1.54,1.88))had no statistically significant difference(Z=-1.35,P>0.05).Conclusion Methamphetamine dependence impaire the working memory of female youths regardless of age or education level.Memory training can restore and improve memory ability to a certain extent,help to restore learning ability and living ability,and lay a foundation for a better return to society.