面向高速列车过隧道气动效应的自调节数值模拟方法

A Self-regulating Numerical Simulation Method for Aerodynamic Effects of High-speed Trains Passing through Tunnels

为研究高速列车过隧道时的气动效应问题,本文建立了基于结构网格和Cartesian网格的融合网格生成策略,提出了基于全叉树数据结构的融合网格生成方法,开发了一种具有移动边界条件的自调节Euler方程数值求解器.采用流动方向上单位压力变化的反馈绝对值作为网格自调节的控制参数,实现了动边界条件下流场网格的自动加密与稀疏.基于上述求解器对高速列车通过隧道场景进行了数值分析,获得了隧道壁面关键部位测点的压力变化数据,还进行了相同条件下的高速列车动模型试验.试验对比结果表明,求解器计算与模拟试验结果基本吻合.本文发展的网格生成策略以及动边界条件下的Euler求解器具有较高的数值精度,是面向高速列车动边界问题数值求解的一个较好选择.

In order to study the aerodynamic effects of high-speed trains passing through tunnels, a fusion mesh generation strategy based on structural mesh and Cartesian mesh was established in this paper, a fusion mesh generation method based on full fork tree data structure was proposed, and a self-adjusting numerical solver for Euler equations with moving boundary conditions was developed. The feedback absolute value of the change of unit pressure in the flow direction was used as the control parameter of the grid self-regulation to realize the automatic encryption and sparseness of the flow field grid under dynamic boundary conditions. Based on the above solver, the high-speed train passing through the tunnel scene was numerically analyzed, the pressure change data of the key parts of the tunnel wall was obtained, and the high-speed train dynamic model test was carried out under the same conditions.The experimental results show that the calculation of the solver agrees with the simulation results. The mesh generation strategy developed in this paper and the Euler solver under moving boundary conditions have high numerical accuracy, which is a good choice for the numerical solution of moving boundary problems of high-speed trains.