近代学术转型背景下中国武术学术的现代化转向

Modern Academic Transition:Understand One Aspect of the Modernization of Chinese Wushu

武术学术史对理解武术的现代化具有重要意义。以近代学术转型背景下的武术学术史为研究对象,运用文献资料法、历史研究法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,重新梳理和解读近代中国武术知识的观念和制度。研究认为:1)近代学术转型引发了“何为武术”“武术何为”的本体与功能讨论,加速了武术知识转型和研究范式的生产。2)在古代以体为主向近代以用为主的武术体用观转变过程中产生的武术知识群体、研究学说、范式及机构,初步构建起了近代武术学术体系。3)武术体用观念的转变促成了武术知识的转型,引发了武术知识的重组,进而构建了武术现代学术话语体系。面对古今、中西多重话语体系,探讨武术在变革中坚持自我,在坚持自我中实现变革的学术史经验,对保持武术的中国特色具有重要意义,也为今日武术的学术改革提供一种既不忘本来又吸收外来的历史参照。

The academic history of Wushu is of great significance to the modernization of Chinese Wushu.Using the methods of literature,historical research and logical analysis,and taking the academic history of Wushu in the context of modern academic transformation as the research object,this paper reorganizes and interprets the concept and system of modern Chinese Wushu knowledge.Research suggests that:1)the academic transformation in modern times first triggered ontological and functional discussions on“what Wushu is”and“What Wushu can do”and promoted the transformation of Wushu knowledge and the production of research paradigm.2)In the process of the transition from the ontology view of Wushu in ancient times to the functional view of Wushu in modern times,the establishment of Wushu research theories,paradigms and institutions initially established the academic system of modern Wushu.3)The transformation of the concept of ontological and functional aspects of Wushu finally promoted the transformation of Wushu knowledge,triggered the reorganization of Wushu knowledge,and constructed the modern academic discourse system of Wushu.In the face of the Chinese and western discourse systems,and on the path of the traditional and the modern,it is an important aspect to understand the modernization of Chinese Wushu to discuss the academic history of how Wushu adheres to itself in the process of reform,and to provide a historical reference for the academic reform of today’s Wushu to“learn from foreign experience and stay true to the original”.