广西医疗卫生机构床位资源配置状况及公平性研究

Allocation and equity of hospital bed resources in medical and health institutions of Guangxi Province

目的研究2015—2018年广西医疗卫生机构床位资源配置状况及公平性,为提高广西医疗卫生机构床位资源配置的公平性,优化资源配置提供科学参考依据。方法通过基尼系数、洛伦兹曲线从常住人口数、地理面积、地区生产总值3个维度评价广西14个地市床位资源配置公平性;采用泰尔指数评价地区间和地区内差异对床位资源配置的不均衡性。结果2015—2018年,广西床位资源配置总量逐年上升。床位资源按人口、地理和经济的基尼系数分别为:0.0951~0.0968、0.29270.3083、0.15430.1762,且有上涨趋势。总泰尔指数范围为0.0064~0.0667,泰尔指数贡献率结果显示:地区内>地区间贡献率。结论广西床位资源分布存在不均衡,按地理分布的公平性有待提高。地区间差异是造成广西床位资源分布差异的主要原因,建议政府继续发展经济,调整在今后的卫生规划中对贫困欠发达地区的床位资源投入,推动全广西床位资源配置不断优化。

Objective To study the status and fairness of hospital bed resource allocation in medical and health institutions of Guangxi Province from 2015 to 2018,and to provide a scientific reference for improving the fairness of hospital bed resource allocation and optimizing resources allocation.Methods The fairness of hospital bed resources allocation in 14 cities of Guangxi Province was evaluated from three dimensions of permanent population,geographic area,and regional GDP using the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve and the imbalanced hospital bed resources allocation was evaluated from the differences among regions and within regions using the Theil index.Results From 2015 to 2018,the total amount of hospital bed resource allocation in Guangxi Province increased year by year.The Gini coefficients of hospital bed resources were 0.0951-0.0968,0.2927-0.3083,and 0.1543-0.1762 by population,geography,and economy,respectively,and there was an upward trend.The total Theil index was between 0.0064-0.0667.The Theil index contribution rate showed that the intra-regional contribution rate was greater than the inter-regional contribution rate.Conclusions The hospital bed resource allocation in Guangxi Province is uneven,and the equity of resources allocated geographically needs to be improved.The main reason for the difference in the allocation of hospital bed resources in Guangxi Province is inter-regional differences.Therefore,this paper suggests that the government should continue to develop the local economy,adjust the investment of hospital bed resources in poor and underdeveloped areas in future health planning,and promote the sustainable optimization of hospital bed resource allocation in Guangxi Province.