不同基质配方和施肥水平对百合生长的影响

Effects of Different Substrate Formulas and Fertilization Level on Lily

以盆栽百合为试验材料,测定10种不同配方基质的容重、总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、含水量、pH、电导率等理化指标,对栽培在10种不同基质中百合切花的主要农艺性状进行分析,并对筛选出的基质,采用氮、磷、钾、钙4因素4水平L 16(44)正交试验设计进行肥料试验,测定百合切花形态,以期探讨配比施肥对百合生长的影响。结果表明,T 9(泥炭∶园土∶蛭石=1∶2∶1)配比是百合栽培的最佳配方基质;不同施肥处理对百合株高、茎粗、花径、叶面积有影响,以施用氮肥300 mg/kg、磷肥100 mg/kg、钾肥150 mg/kg、钙肥150 mg/kg配比处理最佳,株高最高,达87.62 cm,茎粗最大,达0.98 cm。施用高浓度的氮肥对百合生长有利,在高氮处理下,磷、钾、钙能有效促进百合切花形态品质的提升。

Taking potted lily as experimental material,the physical and chemical indexes such as bulk density,total porosity,aeration porosity,capillary porosity,water content,pH and electrical conductivity of 10 substrates with different ratios were measured and analyzed.The main agronomic characters of lily cultivated in 10 different substrates were analyzed,and the fertilizer experiment was carried out by using the 4 factors and 4 levels L 16(44)orthogonal experimental design method of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and calcium to determine the morphology of lily,in order to explore the effect of proportional fertilization on lily growth.The results showed that T 9(peat∶garden soil∶vermiculite=1∶2∶1)was the best substrate for lily cultivation;different fertilization treatments had effects on plant height,stem diameter,flower diameter and leaf area of lily.The ratio of nitrogen fertilizer 300 mg/kg,phosphorus fertilizer 100 mg/kg,potassium fertilizer 150 mg/kg and calcium fertilizer 150 mg/kg was the best,with the highest plant height of 87.62 cm and the largest stem diameter of 0.98 cm.The application of appropriate high concentration of nitrogen fertilizer was beneficial to the growth of lily.Under the treatment of high nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and calcium could effectively promote the morphological quality of cut flowers.