大熊猫国家公园绵阳安州片区鸟类资源现状及区系组成

Resources and Fauna Composition of Birds in Mianyang Anzhou Area of Giant Panda National Park

鸟类资源现状调查是开展鸟类研究的基础.2019年8月至2021年12月,以固定样线法为主,随机样点布设红外相机为辅,对大熊猫国家公园绵阳安州片区鸟类进行调查.结合历史文献及公众科学观鸟记录,统计出该区域有鸟类18目56科281种,其中雀形目(Passeriformes)鸟类占优势.有国家级重点保护野生动物斑尾榛鸡(Tetrastes sewerzowi)、红喉雉鹑(Tetraophasis obscurus)、绿尾虹雉(Lophophorus lhuysii)等55种;被IUCN物种红色名录评定为易危(VU)或近危(NT)的鸟类4种;中国特有种24种.鸟类居留类型以留鸟为主(175种,62.28%);区系组成兼具东洋界与古北界成分,但以东洋界鸟类占优势;分布型呈南北混杂的过渡特征,但以东洋型鸟类占优势.研究结果可为大熊猫国家公园绵阳安州片区鸟类物种监测及保护与管理提供重要参考.为更好地保护该区域内鸟类的多样性,建议减少人为干扰,加强公众生态文明宣传教育工作.

The investigation of bird resources is the basic work for the ornithological research.From August 2019 to December 2021,transect method and infrared camera traps were used to survey the bird diversity in Mianyang Anzhou area of Giant Panda National Park.Combined with the historical documents and public scientific bird-watching records,281 species of birds belonging to 18 orders and 56 families were recorded in this area,among which Passeriformes were dominant,including 204 species(72.60%).Fifty-five species(19.57%)are listed in the list of national key protected wild animals such as Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi),Chestnut-throated Monal Partridge(Tetraophasis obscurus),Chinese Monal(Lophophorus lhuysii)et al.,and four species are assessed as vulnerable(VU)or near threatened(NT)on the IUCN Red List of Species.Twenty-four species are endemic to China.For the residence type,resident birds are the majority,including 175 species(62.28%).The faunal composition is composed of both Oriental and Palaearctic,with Oriental birds predominating.The distribution pattern was characterized by a transition of mixing between north and south,dominated by Oriental type.The current study provides basic inventory information for management and bird monitoring in future.To better protect the diversity of birds in this region,we suggest reducing human disturbance and strengthening the publicity and education of public ecological civilization.