不锈钢表面激光熔覆镍基合金涂层的数值模拟与试验

Numerical simulation and experiments of laser cladding of nickel-based alloy coating on stainless steel surface

为改善不锈钢表面熔覆质量,探究能量密度对不锈钢表面激光熔覆镍基合金涂层质量的影响,利用Visual-Environment数值模拟软件,基于高斯体热源模型,通过改变激光功率获得不同的能量密度输入,对304不锈钢表面激光熔覆Ni35合金涂层的过程进行了数值模拟分析,并采用相应能量密度对应的激光功率进行试验验证。模拟结果表明,激光功率为900 W,扫描速度为6 mm/s,光斑半径为1 mm时,对应的激光能量密度为75 J/mm2,所得温度分布云图峰值温度2459.55℃,在较合理的温度范围内(2400~2600℃)。试验验证结果显示,该工艺参数下熔覆层宏观形貌较好且微观组织致密,基体与涂层间形成了良好的冶金结合。

In order to improve the cladding quality of stainless steel surface and explore the influence of energy densities on the cladding quality of nickel-based alloy coating prepared by laser cladding on stainless steel surface,the numerical simulation of laser cladding of the Ni35 alloy coating on the 304 stainless steel was carried out by using Visual-Environment software and based on Gaussian body heat source model by varying the laser power to obtain different energy density inputs,and the laser power corresponding to the energy density was used for the experiment verification.The simulation results show that when the laser power is 900 W,the scanning speed is 6 mm/s and the laser spot radius is 1 mm,the laser energy density is 75 J/mm~2,then the obtained peak temperature of the simulated temperature distribution cloud map is 2459.55℃,which is in the reasonable temperature range(2400-2600℃).Under these parameters,the experiment verification results show that the macromorphology of the coating is fine,the microstructure is compact,and a good metallurgical bonding is formed between the coating and the substrate.