基于行为经济学与脑核磁共振融合分析的尼古丁依赖者非理性行为研究

Research on the Irrational Behavior of Nicotine Dependant Based on Medical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology and Behavioral Economics

将行为经济学理论与现代医学技术成果相结合,以尼古丁依赖者吸烟决策这一非理性行为为研究对象,引入医学的核磁共振技术分析并对比不同程度吸烟者的脑灰质、脑白质核磁共振图情况,进而进行效用分析和成瘾机制分析。同时,从生理和心理两个角度对吸烟决策进行效用成本分析,发现尼古丁依赖者在进行吸烟决策时普遍存在成本估计偏误和偏好反转。分析内在关系,运用行为经济学拟双曲贴现模型分析发现,由于吸烟者具有当下享乐偏好,每次决策又是站在当期决策,不断的正反馈机制引发了吸烟成瘾机制,决策的总效用存在长期的阶段不一致性和短期的时间不一致性,总成本存在边际成本随时间递增和健康成本时间上存在延迟性的特点,导致了尼古丁依赖者吸烟决策的成本估计偏误。由于尼古丁依赖者吸烟决策的跨期选择更符合拟双曲贴现模型,致使尼古丁依赖者吸烟决策的偏好反转。

In this paper, the behavioral economics theory combined with modern medical technology, smoking nicotine dependence decision this irrational behavior as the research object, the medical nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) technology analysis is introduced to compare the different degree of smokers gray matter nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),cerebral white matter of the brain, and to conduct utility analysis and addiction mechanism analysis.At the same time, a utility cost analysis of smoking decisions from both physiological and psychological perspectives found that nicotine dependent people generally had biased cost estimates and reversed preferences when making smoking decisions.Based on the analysis of the internal relationship and using the pseudo-hyperbolic discount model of behavioral economics, it is found that because smokers have the present enjoyment preference, and each decision is made in the current period, the continuous positive feedback mechanism leads to the smoking addiction mechanism, and the total utility of the decision has the long-term stage inconsistency and the short-term time inconsistency.The marginal cost of total cost increases over time and the health cost delays over time, which leads to the cost estimation bias of nicotine dependent smokers.Because the intertemporal choice of smoking decision is more consistent with the pseudo-hyperbolic discount model, the preference reversal of smoking decision is caused by nicotine dependence.