基于过滤沉淀法的屋面与路面雨水径流污染控制技术及其在北京某城中村的应用

Pilot-scale research and application of modified zeolite filtration and coagulation sedimentation for the treatment of roof and pavement rain-runoff in urban village of Beijing city

通过对比北京市西大望路和郊区城中村B村3类屋面雨水径流和8类路面雨水径流样品检测结果,分析北京市区和城中村屋面与路面雨水径流的污染特征。针对不同污染特征,分别采用改性沸石过滤法和混凝沉淀法处理城中村屋面和路面雨水径流。开展改性沸石过滤法固定床吸附实验发现:雨水流速越小、滤柱越高和沸石粒径越小,对氨氮吸附效果越好。开展混凝沉淀法批次实验发现:当初始pH为6~7、PAC投加量为80~100 mg·L^(-1)时,混凝沉淀效果最佳,且初始pH和混凝剂投加量对混凝沉淀效果影响程度大。设计改性沸石过滤法处理城中村屋面雨水径流工艺与装置,通过实际运行验证处理效果,设计蓄水池-混凝反应罐处理城中村路面雨水径流。混凝反应罐在内的雨水处理单元与城中村污水处理厂(站)联合运行,经过处理后的雨水可用于河道补给,可用于郊区B村处理实际雨水径流。本研究结果可为城市城中村的路面径流污染处理提供参考。

In this paper,the pollution characteristics of roof runoff and pavement runoff in urban area and village of Beijing were analyzed by comparing the detection results of three types of roof runoff and eight types of pavement runoff samples from west side of Dawang road and B village in suburban area of Beijing.According to different pollution characteristics, modified zeolite filtration method and coagulation sedimentation method were used to treat roof and pavement runoff of villages in the city. The results show that the smaller the rainwater flow rate, the higher the filter column and the smaller the zeolite particle size are, the better the ammonia nitrogen adsorption effect is. The batch experiment of coagulation sedimentation method was carried out. The results showed that the best coagulation sedimentation effect was obtained when the initial pH value was 6~7 and PAC dosage was 80~100 mg·L^(-1), and the initial pH value and coagulant dosage had more influence on the coagulation sedimentation effect. The process and device of modified zeolite filtration method to treat the roof rain-runoff of village in the city are designed. The treatment effect is verified through actual operation. The reservoir coagulation tank is designed to treat the road rain-runoff of village in the city. The rainwater treatment unit including coagulation tank and village sewage treatment station are operated jointly. The treated rainwater can be used for river replenishment, which has great significance for rural village B to deal with the actual rain-run off.