急性肌少症的研究进展

Research progress of acute sarcopenia

急性肌少症是指持续时间少于6个月的肌少症,常由急性应激事件(如急性疾病、手术、创伤等)诱发。作为一种新近被认识和定义的综合征,急性肌少症概念的提出不过数年,尚未引起学界广泛关注。急性肌少症与患者不良预后密切相关,增加重症监护室入住率,延长机械通气时间和住院时间,并增加死亡风险。其诊断标准是在肌少症诊断标准基础上联合诱因和发病时间。目前国内外对急性肌少症研究甚少,其发病机制尚不清楚,可能与炎症、卧床、营养不良、激素水平等相关。急性肌少症的干预措施主要包括运动锻炼、营养干预和神经肌肉电刺激,目前还没有成熟的治疗药物。

Acute sarcopenia is defined as sarcopenia lasting less than 6 months and is usually a result of acute stresses(acute disease,surgery,trauma,etc.).The condition,a concept proposed only a few years ago,is a newly recognized and defined syndrome and has not yet recieved much attention in the research community.Acute sarcopenia is strongly associated with poor health-related prognoses,increasing intensive care unit admissions,prolonging mechanical ventilation and hospitalization,and increasing the risk of death.Its diagnosis is based on the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia combined with acute stresses and the time of onset.To date,few studies focus on acute sarcopenia,and its pathogenesis remains unclear,which is probably related to inflammation,being bedridden,malnutrition,and hormonal levels.Potential interventions for acute sarcopenia include exercise,nutritional interventions,and neuromuscular electrical stimulation,but no therapeutic drugs are available.