建筑物立面多层次快速建模方法

Multi-level rapid modeling method of building facade

针对建筑物立面手工三维建模速度慢、工作量大等问题,提出了一种多细节层次建筑物立面快速建模方法。首先以墙面为基准,窗户为主体,分析各细节部件几何特征、空间分布特征及拓扑关系,设计了一种窗户及墙体多细节层次模型,并定义了各细节层次精细度及所需的结构化特征数据;然后基于三维激光点云数据,提取三维建模所需的结构化特征参数;最后借助MAXscript脚本实现多层级墙体和窗户模型自动化重建,并基于各部件拓扑关系快速构建多层次建筑立面模型。通过实验进行精度及效率分析:表明该方法建模精度较好,距离中误差达到0.126 m,建模效率及自动化程度明显提高。

Aiming at the problems of slow speed and heavy workload of manual three-dimensional(3D) modeling of building facade, a fast modeling method of multi-storey building facade was proposed. Firstly, taking the wall as the benchmark and the window as the main body, the geometric characteristics, spatial distribution characteristics and topological relationship of each detail component were analyzed, a multi level of detail model of window and wall as designed, and the fineness of each detail level and the required structural feature data were defined;Then, based on the 3D laser point cloud data, the structural feature parameters required for 3D modeling were extracted;Finally, the automatic reconstruction of multi-level wall and window models was realized with the help of MAXscript script, and the multi-level building facade model was quickly constructed based on the topological relationship of each component. The analysis of accuracy and efficiency through experiments showed that the modeling accuracy of this method was good, the mean square error of distance reached 0.126 m, and the modeling efficiency and automation degree were significantly improved.