《红楼梦》中古典建筑的文化内质透视

The Initial Exploration on the Essence of Culture of Ancient Architecture in A Dream of Red Mansions

小说《红楼梦》可称得上是一部中国文化的百科全书,除家族兴衰、人物生死外,更是反映了衣食住行、人情冷暖、贫富贵贱、世道变迁等社会百态。仅就艺术论,《红楼梦》是一座琳琅满目的艺术宝库,涉及诗文、建筑、戏曲、烹饪、服饰、音乐、书法、杂艺等,林林总总,令读者目不暇接,因而具有无穷的魅力。不过,作者在进行构思写作的过程中,涉及面虽广,但对于建筑的描写同样是浓墨重彩。这部小说中的建筑渗透着中华传统建筑以人为本的设计理念。该文总结出,《红楼梦》中描写的建筑最主要的文化内质可以归结为4个方面:其一,主次分明的礼制思想;其二,对称性的艺术;其三,含蓄曲折的建筑表达;其四,天人合一的建筑理念。

A Dream of Red Mansions is an encyclopedia of Chinese culture reflecting the rise and fall of families,the life and death of characters, the rich and the poor, changes in the world and other social conditions. In terms of art,A Dream of Red Mansions is a treasure-house of art full of dazzling things, involving poetry, architecture, opera, cooking, costumes, music, calligraphy, miscellaneous arts and so on. As a result, it has infinite charm. In the process of conceiving and writing, the author involves a lot of aspects, and describes plenty of architecture which are mansion architecture and garden architecture. The architecture in this novel is permeated with the traditional Chinese architecture of people-oriented design concept. The most important characteristics of the architecture in A Dream of Red Mansions are the distinct primary and secondary symmetrical arrangement, implicit and tortuous architectural expression, and the architectural concept of the unity of nature and man.