小学生参与班级公共生活的差异性研究——基于上海市13186名家长的调查分析

A Study on the Differences of Pupils’ Participation in Class Public Life——A Survey of 13,186 Parents in Shanghai

班级公共生活的参与对小学生五育发展至关重要,在落实立德树人根本任务中具有重要地位。研究基于上海16个市辖区的小学13186名家长进行调查,从个体属性、家庭背景和班级互动三维视角探讨小学生参与班级公共活动的表现差异性。研究发现,女生、高年级学生、学优生、班干部学生,相对在班级公共生活参与得分更高;家庭文化资本和家庭社会资本对小学生参与班级公共生活具有显著影响,父母受教育程度、父母职业声望均产生较高影响,母亲对子女参与班级公共生活方面影响程度更高;小学生在不同的班级公共活动中的表现是相互关联而非独立的;家校合作对学生参与班级公共生活产生重要的积极影响。研究建议学校应共享班级建设的育人机制,搭建班级公共生活平台,并建立家校合作的网络空间。

The participation in class public life is crucial to the“five educations”of the primary school students, and plays an important role in the implementation of the fundamental task of morality cultivation. Based on a survey of 13,186 parents of primary schools in 16 municipal districts in Shanghai, this study explored the performance differences of pupils’ participation in class public activities from the perspective of individual attributes, family background and class interaction. The research found that female students, senior students, outstanding students and class leaders scored higher than other students in class public life participation. Family cultural capital and family social capital showed a significant impact on pupils’ participation. At the same time, parents’ education level and professional prestige also had a higher impact, and mothers had a higher impact on children’s participation. The participation performance of pupils in different classes is interrelated rather than independent. The study also found that school cooperation had an important positive impact on students’ participation. The research suggests that schools should share the educational mechanism of class construction, build a class public life platform, and establish a network space for home-school cooperation.