我国竞技体育跨项选材的历史回顾、现实问题与展望

Historical Review, Practical Problems and Prospects of Cross-Item Selection of Competitive Sports in China

该文运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法,回顾我国跨项选材的历史进程,发现现存问题,并就此提出未来发展建议。研究表明,我国跨项选材可分为3个阶段,1991—2014年为萌芽期、2015—2016年为初创期、2017年至今为快速发展期。跨项选材存在实践先于理论,理论研究较为单薄;培养模式和选拔方式较为单一;相关政策与制度有待完善;缺少科技支撑,经费较为短缺的现实问题。未来要吸取国外科学选材的成功经验,加强相关理论研究;发掘多元的跨项选材的选拔方式和培养模式;完善跨项选材相关政策与制度;运用现代科学技术支撑跨项选材,加大对跨项选材专项经费的投入力度。

Using the literature method, logical analysis method and other methods, the historical process of cross-item selection in China is reviewed, the existing problems are found and suggestions for future development are put forward. The results show that China’s cross-item selection can be divided into three historical stages. 1991-2014is the embryonic period, 2015-2016 is the start-up period, and 2017 to present is the rapid development period.The cross-item selection has practical problems that practice precedes theory and theoretical research is relatively thin, the training mode and selection method of cross-item selection are relatively single, policies and systems related to cross-item selection need to be improved, and that the cross-item selection lacks scientific and technological support and funds are relatively short. In the future, we should learn from the successful experience of foreign scientific material selection and strengthen relevant theoretical research, explore diversified cross-item selection methods and training modes, improve policies and systems related to cross-item selection, use modern science and technology to support cross-item selection, and increase investment in special funds for cross-item selection.