自主下沉与借势联结:纵向府际结构中的资源配置机制研究——基于Q市D村“领导挂点调研”的案例考察

Proactive Sinking of Resources and Leveraging the Situation to Establish Links with Higher Levels of Government:A Study of Resource Allocation Mechanisms in the Vertical Inter-governmental Structure--A Case Study Based on"Cadres’Positioning Survey"in Village D of City Q

科层体系中的资源配置机制,是组织学研究的核心议题。已有研究主要从自上而下的注意力分配视角和自下而上的利益网络视角展开,关注资源配置过程的刚性约束和谋利驱动属性,相对忽略了纵向府际结构中不同层级行动者的自主性逻辑。文章对Q市D村“领导挂点调研”的案例进行考察,建构“自主下沉—借势联结”的分析框架,具体分析领导高度重视情境下,不同层级行动者的行动逻辑和具体表现。研究发现,在资源配置机制上,区级政府在隐性激励逻辑下,表现出“自我加码”式资源供给,以优先下沉、重点下沉、主动下沉和持续下沉等“自主下沉”资源的方式,保证资源顺畅地输入基层,以向上传达行政承诺。基层政府则在“行政借力”逻辑下“借势联结”,搭乘“领导挂点调研”的“便车”,主动与区级政府建立制度化或非制度化的联系网络,进行问题捆绑和情感互联,以实现治理的常规化。上述“上下互动”过程中的资源配置机制,超越了我们对压力型体制下刚性约束资源下沉的一般认知,体现出不同行动者的自主性和能动性,对理解中国特色的治国理政体系具有启发作用。

The resource allocation mechanism in bureaucracy is a central issue in organizational studies. The studies have mainly focused on the rigid constraints and profit-driven attributes of the resource allocation process from the perspective of attention distribution and interest networks, ignoring the logic of autonomy of actors at different levels in the vertical inter-governmental structure. The article examines the case of "Cadres’ Positioning Survey" in village D of Q city, and constructs "Proactive Sinking of Resources-Leveraging the Situation to Establish Links with Higher Levels of Government", the article analyzes the logic of action and the specific performance of actors at different levels in the context of high leadership attention. The study found that, in terms of resource allocation mechanism, the higher levels of government, under the implicit incentive logic, exhibit "self-imposed" resource supply, and ensure the smooth flow of resources by "actively sinking" resources in the form of priority sinking, priority sinking, active sinking, and continuous sinking. To ensure the smooth input of resources to the grassroots to convey the administrative commitment upward. The grassroots government, in turn, is leveraging the situation to establish links with higher levels of government in order to regularize governance. The resource allocation mechanism in the above "up-down interaction" process goes beyond our general perception of rigid constraints on resource sinking in a pressure-based system and reflects the autonomy and dynamism of different actors, which is instructive for understanding the system of governance with Chinese characteristics.