黑龙江省北部大豆区域试验对照品种生育期组的精细鉴定

Fine Identification of Maturity Groups of Regional Trial Check Varieties in Northern Heilongjiang Province

生育期组是国际通用的大豆生育期生态类型划分系统。本研究以北美大豆生育期组标准品种为参考,利用标准品种出苗至生理成熟日数(VE-R7)与生育期组值建立回归方程,对黑龙江北部大豆区域试验对照品种进行生育期组鉴定。结果表明,黑龙江省第六积温带下限区域试验对照品种黑河14号、黑河35号和黑河49的平均相对生育期组值为-1.7(MG000.3),第六积温带上限对照品种黑河13号、黑河33号和华疆2号的平均相对生育期组值为-0.9(MG00.1);第五积温带对照品种黑河17号和黑河45号的平均相对生育期组值为-0.4(MG00.6);第四积温带对照品种黑河18号和黑河43号的平均相对生育期组值为0.0(MG0.0)。利用标准品种出苗至完熟日数(VE-R8)与生育期组值建立回归方程,对上述区域试验对照品种进行生育期组值求算,结果与利用出苗至生理成熟日数(VE-R7)获得的数值基本一致,但不如其稳定。利用标准品种生育期间活动积温与生育期组值建立回归方程,求算大豆相对生育期组值。结果表明,利用活动积温求算出的相对生育期组值与利用出苗至生理成熟日数(VE-R7)计算的数值呈显著正相关。其中,对第四、第五积温带对照品种的计算结果与利用出苗至生理成熟日数(VE-R7)获得的生育期组值一致性较好,但对第六积温带对照品种的分组结果差异较大。黑河市爱辉区位于我国大豆生育期组0.0组基线,是设立我国大豆生育期组零点标识的适宜地点。在爱辉育成的黑河43号可作为MG0.0的标准品种。

Maturity group was an international ecotype classification system of soybean.In this study,the standard varieties for the North American soybean maturity groups were used as a references,and the regression equations between days from emergence(VE)to physiological maturity(R7)and the relative maturity groups(RMG)of standard varieties were established,to identify the maturity group of soybean regional trial check varieties in northern Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that the average RMG of Heihe 14,Heihe 35 and Heihe 49 in the lower-half of the sixth accumulated temperature zone(ATZ)in Heilongjiang Province was-1.7(MG000.3),and the average RMG of Heihe13,Heihe 33 and Huajiang 2 in the upper-half of the sixth ATZ was-0.9(MG00.1).The average RMG of Heihe 17 and Heihe 45 in the fifth ATZ was-0.4(MG00.6).The average RMG of Heihe 18 and Heihe43 in the fourth ATZ was 0.0(MG0.0).Meanwhile,the regression equations between the days from emergence(VE)to full maturity(R8)and the RMG of the standard varieties were established to calculate the RMG of soybean regional trial check varieties in the above regions.The results were basically consistent with the values obtained by using the days from VE to R7,but not as stable as the former.To verify the results,the regression equations between the active accumulated temperature(AAT)during the growth period and their RMG of the standard varieties were established to calculate the RMG of the check varieties in the regional trials.The results showed that the RMG calculated from the AAT were significantly positively correlated with the values based on VE-R7.Exactly,the RMG results calculated from the above two methods were in good agreement in the check varieties from the fourth and fifth ATZs,but some different in the varieties from the sixth ATZ.Aihui District of Heihe City in Heilongjiang Province was located on the baseline of MG0.0 of soybean varieties,which was the optimum location to set up the milestone for the zero point of soybean maturity group in China.Heihe 43,which was bred in Aihui,could be regarded as the standard variety for MG0.0.