高速履带车辆机电悬架惯量分析与滤振缓冲设计

Inertia Analysis and Vibration Filtering Buffer Design of Electromechanical Suspension of High Speed Tracked Vehicle

为解决高速履带车辆机电悬架在高频区性能恶化与结构可靠性的问题,分析基于扭杆的机电悬架刚度特性,求解悬架杆系复杂运动关系,计算机电执行器的等效惯性质量,建立考虑惯性质量与负重轮阻尼的2自由度机电悬架模型。量化分析惯性质量对悬架性能的不利影响,得到影响悬架平顺性、部件可靠性的惯性力的频域分布区间与功率谱密度分布区间。根据悬架惯性力的频域分布,以及悬架动挠度的幅频特性,提出滤振与缓冲的措施,建立带有滤振缓冲器的悬架模型。仿真和试验结果表明:滤振缓冲能够有效降低惯性质量影响,在D级路面40 km/h行驶工况下,将原惯性力的均方根值由原2 143 N降低至175 N。同时簧载质量加速度均方根值,由原3.510 8 m/s^(2)降低至1.268 2 m/s^(2)。台架测试证明齿圈应力在采用滤振缓冲措施后得到较大衰减,最大值由519.9 MPa降低为110.1 MPa。通过仿真和试验,验证了滤振与缓冲的措施能够提升机电悬架的性能,有助于解决惯性质量带来的高频区性能恶化的问题。

In order to solve the problem of performance deterioration and ensure structural reliability of the electromechanical suspension of high-speed tracked vehicles in high-frequency zone, the stiffness characteristics of the electromechanical suspension based on the torsion bar are analyzed, the complex motion relationship of the suspension rod system is solved, the equivalent inertia mass of the electric actuator is calculated, and a two-degree-of-freedom electromechanical suspension model considering inertia mass and load wheel damping is established. We quantitatively analyze the adverse impact of inertia mass on suspension performance, and obtain the frequency domain distribution interval and power spectral density distribution interval of inertia force affecting suspension’s ride comfort and component reliability. According to the frequency domain distribution of suspension inertia force and the amplitude frequency characteristics of the suspension’s dynamic deflection, the measures of vibration filtering and buffering are put forward, and a suspension model with the vibration filtering buffer is established. The simulation and test results show that vibration filtering and buffering can effectively reduce the influence of inertial mass. Under the driving condition of 40 km/h on class D Road, the root mean square value of the original inertial force is reduced from 2 143 N to 175 N, and the root mean square value of sprung mass acceleration is reduced from 3.510 8 m/s^(2) to 1.268 2 m/s^(2). The bench test shows that the gear ring stress is greatly attenuated after the vibration filtering and buffering measures are adopted, and the maximum value is reduced from 519.9 MPa to 110.1 MPa. Through simulation and test, it is verified that the measures of vibration filtering and buffering can improve the performance of the electromechanical suspension and help to solve the problem of performance deterioration in the high frequency zone caused by inertial mass.