空气污染是否影响了生产性服务业集聚?

Does air pollution affect the agglomeration of producer services?

在绿色发展背景下,厘清空气污染对生产性服务业集聚的作用关乎环境治理和集聚经济发展的成效,对我国经济结构转型意义重大。借鉴新经济地理学模型探究空气污染影响生产性服务业集聚的内在逻辑,基于城市面板数据和上市公司数据运用断点回归设计(RDD)进行实证检验。研究发现,空气污染显著抑制了生产性服务业集聚,经过一系列稳健性检验后该结论依然成立。机制分析发现:在需求侧,空气污染通过降低制造业生产率和集聚度减少制造业对中间服务品的需求,削减生产性服务业市场潜能,形成集聚离心力;在供给侧,空气污染一方面通过降低生产性服务业劳动生产率、减少劳动力供给形成集聚离心力,另一方面通过拉低房价、减少拥挤成本形成集聚向心力。研究结论不仅丰富了空气污染影响产业集聚的相关研究,也为政府优化现代服务业布局和践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念提供了理论启示。

In the context of green development, identifying the role of air pollution in the agglomeration of producer services is related to the effectiveness of environmental management and agglomeration economies and is of great significance to the structural transformation of China’s economy. A new economic geography model is used to investigate the logic of air pollution affecting producer-services agglomeration;empirical evidence is obtained through the regression discontinuity design(RDD)approach using city-level panel data and data of listed companies. The study finds that air pollution significantly inhibits the agglomeration of producer services;this finding holds after a series of robustness tests. The mechanism analysis reveals that, on the demand side, air pollution reduces the demand for intermediate services by lowering the productivity and agglomeration of manufacturing industries. This, in turn, reduces the market potential of producer services, creating a centrifugal force for agglomeration. On the supply side, air pollution creates a centrifugal force for agglomeration by lowering labor productivity and reducing the supply of labor to producer services, and creates a centripetal force by lowering the price of housing and reducing the cost of congestion. The findings of the study enrich the research on the impact of air pollution on industrial agglomeration and provide theoretical insights for the government to optimize the structure of the service industry and confirm that “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. ”