效率和公平视角下畜禽粪污肥料化利用碳减排潜力测度——基于河北省县域经验数据

Measurement of Carbon Emission Reduction Potential of Livestock Manure Fertilization from the Perspective of Efficiency and Equity: Based on Empirical Data from Counties in Hebei Province

针对畜禽粪污肥料化利用和粪肥还田的低碳化发展需求,文章基于效率和公平视角,结合县域经验数据测度了河北省167个样本县域的畜禽粪污肥料化利用碳减排潜力,结果表明:(1)肥料化利用能够在县域范围内降低1.385到891 318.037万吨不等的温室气体排放量,承德市、衡水市、沧州市和张家口市能够通过肥料化利用减少10亿吨以上的温室气体排放量;(2)将县域肥料化利用碳减排公平指数和效率指数与各自均值进行分类比较,得到“高效率高公平”“高效率低公平”“高公平低效率”和“低效率低公平”4个区域,分别有25、33、44、65个县域依次分布于4个区域中;(3)对公平和效率的不同偏好会影响县域碳减排潜力。对比肥料化利用碳减排潜力排名前十的县域,当侧重公平时,石家庄市正定县和唐山市滦南县能够对石家庄市裕华区和鹿泉区产生挤出作用;侧重效率时,邯郸市复兴区、张家口市桥西区和下花园区能够对沧州市黄骅市、唐山市丰南区和迁安市产生挤出作用。因此,地方政府在制定碳减排规划时要综合考虑公平和效率指数的偏重情况,综合运用“输血式”和“造血式”手段促进县域农业低碳发展。与以往研究相比,文章采用最新的县域农业数据,结合象限分类图对肥料化利用碳减排潜力分布情况进行量化,研究结果更有助于地方政府制定农业低碳发展规划。

To address the low carbon development needs of livestock and poultry manure fertilization and manure return to land, the article measured the carbon emission reduction potential of livestock and poultry manure fertilization utilization in 167 sample counties in Hebei Province from the perspective of efficiency and equity, combined with county empirical data. The results showed that: 13.85 million tons-891318.037 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by using fertilization at the county level. Greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by more than one billion tons in Chengde, Hengshui, Cangzhou and Zhangjiakou cities by using fertilization. By classifying and comparing the fair index and efficiency index of carbon emission reduction fertilizer utilization with respective average values, “High efficiency and equity” “High efficiency but low equity” “high equity but low efficiency” and “low efficiency and low equity” in four regions are obtained, with 25, 33, 44 and 65 distributed in the four regions respectively. Different preferences for equity and efficiency affect the carbon emission reduction potential of counties. Comparing top ten counties in terms of carbon emission reduction potential of fertilizer utilization, Zhengding County in Shijiazhuang City and Luannan County in Tangshan City have a crowding-out effect on Yuhua District and Luquan District in Shijiazhuang City when focus on equity, while Handan Fuxing District, Zhangjiakou Qiaoxi District and Xiahuayuan District have a crowding-out effect on Huanghua City in Cangzhou City, and Fengnan District and Qian’an City in Tangshan City when the focus is on efficiency. Therefore, local governments should consider the bias of equity and efficiency indices when formulating carbon emission reduction plans, and use a combination of "blood transfusion" and “blood creation” tools to promote low-carbon development of county agriculture. Compared with previous studies, the article used the latest county agricultural data to quantify the distribution of carbon reduction potential for fertilizer utilization in combination with quadrant classification maps, and research results are more helpful to local governments in formulating agricultural low-carbon development plans.