设问式标题句的句法语义构成、语用功能及信息传播策略

Semantic Composition,Pragmatic Functions and Information Dissemination Strategies of Interrogative Title Sentences

设问式标题句由发问句和应答句两部分构成,发问句的主要是引出新闻主体内容,应答句则是对发问句引出新闻内容的补充性说明。定量统计发现,标题中的发问句有使用语调是非问句的强烈倾向,其他疑问形式使用相对较少,不同疑问形式的使用同新闻类型密切相关,语调是非问句倾向于引出“硬新闻”,其他疑问形式倾向于引出“软新闻”。发问句主要具备三个语义特征:事件性、悬疑性、非肯定性。应答句根据语义可以分为:明示型、提示型、评价型。设问式标题句的语用功能包括熵值调控、互动关联、立场构建。在信息传播策略上,设问式标题句所呈现出“平等”“亲民”的传播语态以及标题结构的易读化迎合了受众心理,这与媒体语言发展规律相适应,也是其在新媒体新闻中高频使用的动因。

The interrogative title sentence is composed of two parts:questions and answers.The main function of questions is introduction of the content of the main body of the news,and the answers are supplementary explanations of questions.Quantitative statistics show that the questions in the title have a strong tendency to use intonation yes-no questions,and other question forms are relatively less frequently used.The use of different question patterns is closely related to the type of news.Intonation questions tend to introduce“hard news”,and other question forms tend to introduce“soft news”.Question sentences mainly have three semantic features:event,suspense and non-certainty.Response sentences can be divided into categorical,suggestive,and evaluative types according to their semantic meaning.The pragmatic functions of interrogative title sentences include entropy regulation,interactive relevance and position construction.In terms of information communication strategies,the communication voice of“equality”and“people-friendly”in the interrogative title sentence and the easy-to-read title structure cater to the audience’s psychology,which is compatible with the law of media language development.It is also the motivation for its high-frequency use in the new media era.