北美高校图书馆开放教科书的实践探索与路径分析

Practice Exploration and Path Analysis of Open Textbooks in North American Academic University Libraries

不断上涨的教科书价格是北美高校推行开放教育资源、开发开放教科书的根本动力。高校图书馆不仅是开放教科书的合作建设者,还是倡导者和推动者。以加拿大的“不列颠哥伦比亚大学校园开放教育”和“安大略电子校园”,美国的“开放密歇根”与“开放科罗拉多”为代表,北美高校图书馆开放教科书呈现出五大特色。北美高校图书馆在实践中总结出的六步基本路线和三大关键举措,为我国高校图书馆电子教材教参的数字化建设与开放获取提供了宝贵的参考与借鉴。

Rising prices of textbooks are the fundamental driving force for North American academic universities to promote Open Education Resources(OER)and develop open textbooks.The academic universities are not only co-builder,but also advocator and promoter of open textbooks.eCampusOntario and BCcampus OpenED in Canada,Open.Michigan and Open CU in the United States are outstanding representative open textbook projects,highlighting the five characteristics of the open textbook projects of academic university libraries in North America.Six steps and three key measures summarized by North American academic university libraries in practice will provide valuable reference for the development of electronic teaching materials in Chinese academic university libraries.