吕梁市社区老年高血压患者抑郁症发生的影响因素分析

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Depression in Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Lvliang Community

目的了解吕梁市社区老年高血压患者抑郁症发生的影响因素。方法选取2021年3月-2022年4月吕梁市某社区卫生服务中心3490名老年高血压患者为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表,自评健康状况、自评睡眠质量、抑郁量表等评定工具进行收集资料。采用二元Logistic回归确定影响因素。结果Logistic回归显示,睡眠时间充足(OR值=0.672,95%CI=0.558~0.808)、自评健康(OR值=0.515,95%CI=0.395~0.671)、和儿女关系好(OR值=0.163,95%CI=0.112~0.238)、有养老保险(OR值=0.630,95%CI=0.511~0.777)和医疗保险(OR值=0.553,95%CI=0.337~0.906)是发生抑郁的保护因素。城镇地区(OR值=1.362,95%CI=1.141~1.626)、已经离异(OR值=1.723,95%CI=1.385~2.144)、有其他慢性病(OR值=1.335,95%CI=1.119~1.593)、活动能力受限者(OR值=3.238,95%CI=2.643~3.966)、有残疾(OR值=2.322,95%CI=1.927~2.799)、有吸烟(OR值=2.629,95%CI=2.165~3.194)、有饮酒(OR值=1.847,95%CI=1.454~2.347),有疼痛(OR值=1.380,95%CI=1.153~1.653)、有吸烟酗酒赌博等物质滥用(OR值=1.432,95%CI=1.196~1.714),是发生抑郁的危险因素。结论我国老年人抑郁的发病率较高,社区对于老年高血压患者的防治措施中,不仅要关注老年高血压患者身体状况的改变,还需要关注这部分人群的心理状态,提高患者的整体生活质量。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of depression in elderly hypertensive patients in Luliang community.Methods From March,2021 to April,2022,3490 elderly patients with hypertension in a community health service center in Luliang City were selected as the research objects.The data were collected using general situation questionnaire,self-rated health status,self-rated sleep quality,depression scale and other assessment tools.Binary logistic regression was used to determine the influencing factors.Results Logistic regression showed that adequate sleep time(OR=0.672,95%CI=0.558~0.808),self-rated health(OR=0.515,95%CI=0.395~0.671),good relationship with children(OR=0.163,95%CI=0.112~0.238),endowment insurance(OR=0.630,95%CI=0.511~0.777),medical insurance(OR=0.553,95%CI=0.337~0.906),were protective factors for depression.urban areas(OR=1.362,95%CI=1.141~1.626),divorced(OR=1.723,95%CI=1.385~2.144),other chronic diseases(OR=1.335,95%CI=1.119~1.593),and people with limited activity ability(OR=3.238,95%CI=2.643~3.966),disabled(OR=2.322,95%CI=1.927~2.799)Smoking(OR=2.629,95%CI=2.165~3.194),drinking(OR=1.847,95%CI=1.454~2.347),pain(OR=1.380,95%CI=1.153~1.653),smoking,drinking,gambling and other substance abuse(OR=1.432,95%CI=1.196~1.714)are risk factors for depression.Conclusion The incidence rate of depression among the elderly in China is relatively high.In the prevention and treatment measures for the elderly patients with hypertension in the community,we should not only pay attention to the changes in the physical status of the elderly patients with hypertension,but also pay attention to the psychological status of this part of the population,so as to improve the overall quality of life of the patients.