跨境数据流动治理规则研究

Research on Governance Rules of Cross-Border Data Flow

【目的】面对美欧等大国借助跨境数据流动治理规则体系强化全球规则主导权、话语权的新态势,围绕数字中国、网络强国的战略目标,我国应立足数字经济大国综合优势,统筹发展与安全、国际与国内、发展与监管、近期与长远四组关系,全面推进我国相关制度建设和顶层设计,探索适合我国国情与“中国式现代化”发展道路的全球跨境数据流动治理的框架体系,形成跨境数据流动治理规则的“中国方案”,打破美欧主导格局,赢得战略主动,更好服务构建新发展格局、高质量发展和构筑国家竞争新优势。【方法】通过论述全球跨境数据流动对我国数字经济发展的重要意义,基于全球跨境数据流动治理的举措与经验,系统分析跨境数据流动的经济社会价值,以及取得的积极进展。同时对我国跨境数据流动治理所取得的成绩以及存在的不足进行综合分析。【结果】我国跨境数据流动治理规则体系建设提速,取得积极进展,但仍面临一些不足和挑战;需要对跨境数据流动治理体系进行顶层设计。【结论】本文提出构建跨境数据流动治理规则体系的建议,如加强系统思维,完善制度规则体系,推进分类试点,构建分层治理框架;强化国际合作,共促全球数字治理;深化前瞻研究,做好风险应对预案。

[Objective]In face of the new situation that major countries such as the U.S.and European Union countries are strengthening their global rule dominance and discourse power with the help of the cross-border data flow governance rules system,and aiming at the strategic goal of digital China and secure networks,China should take the advantages of digital economy,comprehensively handle the relationship among four aspects:development and security,international and domestic,development and regulation,short-term and long-term,and promote the top-level design and construct related systems in Chinese.In order to reach the goal,a framework and system for cross-border data flow governance which fits China’s current conditions should be developed,paving the path of China’s modernization,forming the"Chinese approach"for global cross-border data flow governance,changing pattern dominated by US and Europe,and better serving construction of a new development pattern,high-quality development,and new national competitive advantages.[Methods]This paper discusses the significance and intrinsic value of the global cross-border data flow for the development of the digital economy,and systematically analyzes the economic and social value and positive progress of the cross-border data flow based on the measures and experiences of global cross-border data flow governance.At the same time,the achievements and shortcomings of cross-border data flow governance are analyzed comprehensively.[Results]China has accelerated the construction of cross-border data flow governance rules and made positive progress,but is still facing some shortcomings and challenges.The top-level design of the cross-border data flow governance system is needed.[Conclusions]This paper puts forward some suggestions for construction of a cross-border data flow governance rule system,such as strengthening the systematic thinking,improving the system of rules,promoting pilot projects,building a hierarchical governance framework and strengthening international cooperation.