基于最小偏差插补算法的全自动锯片磨齿机研制

Development of Automatic Saw-blade Grinding Machine based on Minimum Deviation Interpolation

为实现高端锯片磨齿机的国产化,研制了一套全自动锯片磨齿机。首先根据锯片开齿、磨齿、倒角等动作需求,同时根据工作人员装夹锯片、定位砂轮等操作需求,设计了XYZB四轴式运动机构,并确定Z轴和B轴为主轴;其次为满足四轴的独立式驱动与控制,设计了拥有四路PWM输出能力的主控电路板;最后综合考虑直线轴加旋转轴的运动机构以及主控电路板的硬件资源,采用最小偏差法,推导了直线线段和圆弧线段的插补控制方法。经上万片高速钢圆锯片的磨齿实验,验证了研制的全自动锯片磨齿机对锯齿前角、后角等角度参数误差可控制在±1°以内,对锯齿齿深、R值等线段参数误差可控制在±0.1 mm以内,完全能符合圆锯片的技术要求。

In order to realize the localization of advanced saw-blade grinding machine,an automatic saw-blade grinding machine is developed in this paper.Firstly,according to the action requirements such as tooth opening,tooth grinding and chamfering,and according to the operation requirements such as clamping the saw-blade and positioning the grinding wheel,the XYZB four axis motion mechanism is designed,and the Z axis and B axis are determined as the main axes.Then,in order to satisfy the independent drive and control of four axes,the control circuit board is designed,which can output four PWM output capabilities independently.Finally,considering the motion mechanism of linear axis plus rotary axis and the hardware resources of the control circuit board,this paper adopts the minimum deviation method to derive the interpolation of linear segment and arc segment.Through thousands of experiments,the automatic saw-blade grinding machine developed in this paper can control the error of angle parameters such as the front angle and back angle of the sawtooth within±1°,and the error of parameters such as the tooth depth and R value can be controlled within±0.1mm,which can fully meet the technical requirements of the circular saw-blade.