先天性巨结肠基因工程动物模型的研究进展

Progress in Genetic Engineering Animal Models of Hirschsprung’s Disease

先天性巨结肠(Hirschsprung’s disease,HD)是胚胎期肠神经系统发育过程中肠神经嵴细胞向消化道远端迁移和增殖障碍,导致消化道远端神经节细胞缺如。基因工程动物模型能够较好模拟胚胎发育时期和出生后早期肠道神经系统的发育情况,是研究先天性巨结肠的重要工具,主要有小鼠模型和斑马鱼模型。本文就国内外常用的基因工程动物模型进行介绍。

Hirschsprung’s disease(HD)is a disorder of migration and proliferation of intestinal neural crest cells to the distal digestive tract during the development of the embryonic intestinal nervous system,resulting in the absence of ganglion cells in the distal digestive tract.Genetic engineering animal models can better simulate the development of intestinal nervous system during embryonic development and early postnatal period.They are important tools for studying Hirschsprung’s disease,mainly including mouse models and zebrafish models.In this paper,the commonly used genetic engineering animal models at home and abroad are introduced.