中药归经理论的历史沿革、研究现状与思考

Historical evolution,research status and thinking of the meridian tropism theory of traditional Chinese medicine

中药归经理论是中药药性理论体系的重要组成部分,归经表征了中药的作用部位,对中医药疗效发挥的机理阐释具有重要意义。文章主要梳理了中药归经理论的历史沿革、对相关的现代文献研究和实验研究进展进行归纳和总结,并进行了相关思考,提出了相应的问题和建议。梳理发现,归经理论经历了萌芽、奠基起源、形成、发展和完善时期,中药归经的文献研究主要集中在归经理论的梳理考证以及创新理论的形成和阐释,实验研究主要集中在利用多种现代科技手段或借助先进学说探讨归经。建议在今后的研究中加强归经理论文献研究的系统性、重脏腑经络功能、基于临床实践探讨归经、在中医药理论指导下进行中药归经的实验研究、重视方剂的归经研究,并应加强多学科与多种先进技术联合探讨归经。

The theory of meridian tropism is an important part of the theoretical system of the medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine.The meridian tropism characterizes the functional parts of traditional Chinese medicine,which is of great significance in explaining the mechanism of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.This article mainly sorts the historical evolution of the meridian tropism theory of Chinese medicine,summarizes the relevant modern literature research and experimental research progress,carries out relevant thinking,and puts forward the corresponding problems and suggestions.It is found that the theory of meridian tropism has gone through a period of germination,foundation laying,origin,formation,development and improvement.The literature research of traditional Chinese medicine meridian tropism mainly focuses on the collation and textual research of the theory of meridian tropism and the formation and interpretation of innovative theories.The experimental research on meridian tropism mainly focuses on the exploration of meridian tropism by means of various modern scientific and technological means or by virtue of advanced theories.It is suggested that in the future research,we should strengthen the systematicness of literature research on meridian tropism theory,focus on the functions of organs and meridians,discuss meridian tropism based on clinical practice,conduct experimental research on meridian tropism of traditional Chinese medicine under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory,and attach importance to the meridian tropism of prescriptions,and strengthen the joint exploration of meridian tropism by multidisciplinary and multiple advanced technologies.