早产儿脑损伤的高危因素及其对神经发育的影响

High Risk Factors of Brain Injury in Premature Infants and Effect on Neural Development

目的探讨早产儿脑损伤高危因素及其对自身神经发育的影响。方法将内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院2019年1月-2021年1月收治的743例脑损伤早产儿作为本次研究对象,对其引起脑损伤的高危因素及其对神经发育影响进行分析与调查。结果早产儿脑损伤发生率37.01%,脑损伤与非脑损伤患儿在胎龄、分娩方式、是否机械通气方面差异较为显著(P<0.05)。差异项目用回归方程计算发现,胎龄<32周、胎龄32~34^(+6)周、单胎、自然分娩、机械通气时间≤7d、未行机械通气与脑损伤密切相关(P<0.05)。结论预防早产,加强围生期保健是降低早产儿发生脑损伤的主要预防措施,值得推广。

Objective To investigate high risk factors of brain injury in premature infants and effect on development of nerves.Methods The paper chose 743 premature infants with brain injury admitted to Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia from January 2019 to January 2021 as study subjects,analyzed and investigated high risk factors of brain injury and effect on neural development.Results Incidence of brain injury in premature infants was 37.01%,there were significant difference between brain injured and non brain injured infants in terms of gestational age,delivery mode and whether mechanical ventilation being available(P<0.05).Difference items were calculated by regression equation.It was found that fetal age<32 weeks,fetal age 32~34^(+6) weeks,singleton,natural delivery,mechanical ventilation time≤7 days,and no mechanical ventilation was closely related to brain injury(P<0.05).Conclusion Prevention of premature delivery and strengthening perinatal health nursing are main preventive measures to reduce brain injury in premature infants,which is worthy of promotion.