钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂对糖尿病视网膜病变的保护作用及其潜在机制研究进展

Protective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor on diabetic retinopathy and its underlying mechanisms

糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症之一,现有的治疗方法主要是视网膜激光光凝术、玻璃体内注射抗血管内皮生长因子或皮质类固醇药物及玻璃体切割术等,由于这些控制中晚期视网膜微血管病变的治疗措施并不能逆转DR患者视功能的损伤,因此,早期药物干预预防DR进展成为当前研究的热点。钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)是一种新型的口服降糖药,具有降血糖、降血压、减体重等作用,并具有心脏、肾脏、视网膜保护作用。近年来研究表明,SGLT2i对DR具有保护作用,能有效减缓DR进展,因此,本文就SGLT2i与DR的相关研究进展进行综述。

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes.The available treatments are mainly retinal laser photocoagulation,intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor or corticosteroid drugs,and vitrectomy.These treatments used to control the middle or advanced stage of retinal microangiopathy cannot reverse the impairment of visual function caused by DR.Thus,early drug intervention to prevent the progression of DR has become a current research hotspot.Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor(SGLT2i)is a novel oral hypoglycemic drug,which has the functions of lowering blood glucose,lowering blood pressure and reducing body weight,and shows protective effects on the heart,kidney and retina.Recent studies have shown that SGLT2i has a protective effect on DR patients and can effectively slow down the progression of DR.This article reviews the progress of research related to SGLT2i and DR.