论精神利益合同的违约救济途径——基于《民法典》第996条解释的视角

On the Remedies for Breach of Contract of Spiritual Benefit:Based on the Interpretation of Article 996 of The Civil Code

对于期待利益中包含精神利益的合同而言,一方违约使对方精神利益遭受损失时,受害方能否主张精神损害赔偿尚存争议。基于合同的特征以及当事人之间的利益衡量,该类合同中受害人能否主张违约精神损害赔偿不能一概而论。只有当债权人的正当期待利益为纯粹精神利益时,该精神利益始受法律保护。《民法典》第996条中的“人格权”应当包含一般人格利益,债权人所期待的纯粹的精神利益应当纳入其中。故在纯粹精神利益合同中一方违约造成对方精神损害的,受害方可依照《民法典》第996条主张精神损害赔偿。

It is still controversial whether the victim can claim compensation for mental damage when one party’s breach of contract causes the spiritual loss of the other party. Based on the characteristics of the contract and the measurement of the interests between the parties, whether the victim can claim the compensation for breach of contract can not be generalized. Only when the creditor’s legitimate expectation interest is pure spiritual interest is the spiritual interest protected by law. The "personality right" in Article 996 of The Civil Code should include general personality interests, and the pure spiritual interests expected by creditors should be included. Therefore, if one party breaches a contract for purely spiritual benefits and causes mental damage to the other party, the injured party may claim compensation for mental damage according to Article 996 of The Civil Code.