北京大学本科生体重指数变化率对高血压发病影响的队列研究

Cohort Study on Influence of Change Rate of Body Mass Index on Hypertension Onset Among Undergraduates in Peking University

目的:探讨大学生在校4年体重指数(BMI)及其增长率对高血压发病的影响。方法:利用北京大学2011-2017年本科生入学体检和2015-2021年研究生入学体检数据库,将5 615例连续就读学生纳入研究,随访4年,调查该人群本科入学及研究生入学时血压和BMI变化。结果:男、女生高血压累积发病率分别为5.00%和0.71%。男、女生超重肥胖组高血压发病风险均增加[RR值分别为4.21(95%CI 3.03~5.86)和6.30(95%CI 4.72~8.70)],且BMI增长率>5%组较BMI增长率≤5%组男、女生高血压发病风险均增加[RR值分别为2.34(95%CI 1.68~3.24)和5.66(95%CI 1.85~17.30)]。结论:大学生超重肥胖和BMI高增长率会增加高血压发病风险。

Objective:To investigate the influence of body mass index(BMI)and BMI growth rate on the onset of hypertension during four years of education among undergraduates.Methods:Using the database of medical examination of undergraduate(from 2011 to 2017)and postgraduate(from 2015 to 2021)enrollment in Peking University,a total of 5615 students who studied in succession were included in the study and followed up for 4 years.Changes of blood pressure and BMI of this population upon undergraduate and postgraduate enrollment were investigated.Results:The cumulative incidences of hypertension were 5.00%and 0.71%for male and female respectively.The risk of hypertension onset in overweight and obesity group were increased for male and female[RR value:4.21(95%CI 3.03~5.86)and 6.30(95%CI 4.72~8.70)].Moreover,the risk of hypertension onset in BMI growth rate>5%group were increased for male and female compared with that in BMI growth rate≤5%group[RR value:2.34(95%CI 1.68~3.24)and 5.66(95%CI 1.85~17.30)].Conclusion:The overweight,obesity,and high growth rate of BMI may increase the risk of hypertension onset.