社区综合干预降低高血压患者心脑血管风险的作用分析

Effect Analysis of Community Comprehensive Intervention on Reducing Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Risk in Patients with Hypertension

目的:探讨社区综合干预降低高血压患者心血管风险的作用。方法:选取2021年4月-2022年4月北京市西城区什刹海社区卫生服务中心管理的120例高血压患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组,各60例。对照组给予日常管理,干预组给予社区综合干预。比较两组血压、吸烟情况、血脂水平、心脑血管风险发生情况。结果:干预前,两组收缩压、舒张压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组收缩压、舒张压均低于干预前,且干预组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前,两组不吸烟人数、吸烟者日均吸烟支数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组不吸烟人数高于干预前,且干预组高于对照组;干预后,干预组吸烟者日均吸烟支数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后,干预组甘油三酯、胆固醇低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预组心脑血管风险发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:系统化的危险因素健康教育、饮食干预、健康生活方式干预和用药依从性干预等综合性干预措施可明显提高高血压患者临床疗效,降低其心脑血管风险。

Objective:To explore the effect of community comprehensive intervention on reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension.Methods:A total of 120 patients with hypertension who were managed in Shichahai Community Health Service Center in Xicheng District of Beijing from April 2021 to April 2022 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into control group and intervention group according to random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given daily management.The intervention group was given community comprehensive intervention.The blood pressure,smoking,blood lipid level,and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk in two groups were compared.Results:Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention,and the intervention group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in the number of non-smokers and the average daily number of cigarettes by smokers between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the number of non-smokers in two groups was higher than that before the intervention,and the intervention group was higher than the control group;After the intervention,the average daily number of cigarettes by smokers in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in the levels of triglycerides,cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between the two groups(P>0.05);After the intervention,the triglycerides and cholesterol in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comprehensive intervention measures such as systematic risk factor health education,diet intervention,healthy lifestyle intervention and medication compliance intervention can significantly improve clinical efficacy and reduce the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk of hypertension patients.