渊博与日用:从医学看辞赋在近世的两种进路

Profoundness and Daily Use:Two Approaches of Ci Fu Since the Song Dynasty from the Perspective of Medicine

宋代官方援儒入医,引起士人知识结构、医家身份结构等一系列变化,其影响波及文学,演绎出辞赋在近世的两种进路。精英文人以资书为赋的创作方式,将广泛而专业的医学知识熔铸入赋,拓展了辞赋之“学”的广度和深度,展示出赋的“渊博之路”。民间医者以赋体承载医学知识,其性质和传播方式具有很强的实用性、世俗性,体现出赋的“日用之道”。文与医、审美与技术共存于上层文人和底层民众之间,不仅互动,而且斡旋,呈现出丰富而独特的近世文学面相。

In the Song Dynasty,the authorities introduced Confucianism into medicine,causing a series of changes in literati's knowledge structure and doctors'identity structure,which also affected literature and brought about two approaches of the development of Ci Fu.Writing with quotations from ancient books and records,elite literati incorporated extensive and professional medical knowledge into Ci Fu,which expanded the breadth and depth of the"study"of Ci Fu and showed the"profound way"of its development.Folk doctors used Ci Fu to carry medical knowledge,and its nature and spread way are very practical and secular,reflecting Ci Fu's"daily use way".Literature and medicine,aesthetics and technology coexisted between the upper literati and the lower class,not only interacting,but also mediating,presenting a rich and unique literature picture since the Song Dynasty.