康熙朝的文治场域与张英应制创作之生成

The Wenzhi Field of the Kangxi Dynasty and the Generation of Zhang Ying's Yingzhi Creation

文治是康熙帝削弱华夷之辨、建构清朝正统性的重要政治策略,为张英的应制创作设定了特殊的生成场域,催生了其应制创作以昭示、宣传、建构正统性为目标的功能追求。其应制书写在褒显功德、颂赞升平的雅颂传统诗学语境中,以文学叙事介入礼制、一统与仁德、文德书写等政治叙事,采取彰扬礼制内涵、以“仁德”统摄“一统”、引入南书房翰林视角等写作策略,以之指向塑造理想帝王与盛世王朝进而将清帝纳入正统谱系的政治诉求。其审美品格迎合康熙帝宗唐的风格构成,规范于唐人应制风貌,为康熙朝的馆阁文学树立了文学范式。

Wenzhi was an important political strategy of Emperor Kangxi to weaken Hua-Yi's distinction and construct the legitimacy of the Qing Dynasty,setting a special generation field for Zhang Ying's Yingzhi creation,and giving birth to the function pursuit of his Yingzhi creation with the goal of showing,publicizing and constructing legitimacy.Yingzhi was written in the traditional poetic context of Ya Song that praises merit and prosperity,intervened in political narratives such as etiquette,unification and benevolence,and cultural character writing with literary narratives,and adopted writing strategies such as promoting the connotation of the ritual system,unifying"unification"with"benevolence",and introducing the perspective of Hanlin in the South Study,so as to point to the political demands of shaping the ideal emperor and the prosperous Dynasty,and then incorporating the Qing emperor into the orthodox genealogy.Its aesthetic character catered to the style composition of Emperor Kangxi's admiration for the Tang Dynasty,and was modeled on the style of the Tang Dynasty's Yingzhi,setting a literary paradigm for the Guange literature of the Kangxi Dynasty.