耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯海绵材料制备及性能研究

Preparation and properties of polyurethane sponge with low⁃temperature resistance and slow resilience

以氯铂酸溶液为催化剂,将烯丙氧基聚氧乙烯醚(APEG)和聚甲基氢硅氧烷(PMHS)进行硅氢加成反应合成有机硅改性聚醚(Si⁃APEG),并以其作为耐低温剂,制备耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯(PU)海绵。研究了Si⁃APEG添加量对海绵表观芯密度、开孔率、拉伸性能、硬度、回弹性能以及温湿度敏感指数的影响。结果表明,当Si⁃APEG添加量为10份时海绵的泡孔结构较理想,综合力学性能最优,回弹性能最低,同时其温湿度敏感指数低至1.01,硬度在-10℃低温下仍可低至53度,因此该添加量下海绵的综合性能最优。

In this paper,a polyurethane sponge material with low temperature resistance and slow resilience was prepared using silicone modified polyether(Si⁃APEG)as a low⁃temperature resistant agent.The Si⁃APEG was synthesized through a hydrosilylation reaction of allyloxy polyoxyethylene ether(APEG)and polymethylhydrosiloxane with chloroplatinic acid as a catalyst.The effects of the Si⁃APEG dosage on the apparent core density,porosity,tensile properties,resilience and temperature humidity sensitivity index of the sponge were investigated.The results indicated that the foam structure of the sponge was ideal at an Si⁃APEG dosage of 10 phr,and its comprehensive mechanical properties were optimal along with the lowest hardness and resilience.Meanwhile,the temperature and humidity sensitivity index of the sponge was as low as 1.01,and its hardness was as low as 53 degree at-10℃.Therefore,the sponge could achieve optimal comprehensive performance at an Si⁃APEG dosage of 10 phr.