润物无声:红色经典儿童电影中成人角色设置的隐喻修辞

Integrating Education into Films:The Metaphorical Rhetoric in the Children’s Films of the Red Classics

文本根据1949-1976年中国红色经典儿童电影,探究电影艺术家采用何种修辞手法将革命豪情、爱国热情与审美追求巧妙融入意识形态的整体构建,创作出既能发挥文化传媒政治功用,又能实现视听艺术审美需求的红色经典儿童电影,以期为新时代影视艺术创作与润物无声的影视教育提供历史经验与启发。研究发现,红色经典儿童电影中的成人角色以政治隐喻的修辞方式参与儿童的成长叙事:借助蒙难的母亲寓意受难的祖国,完成保家卫国的家国伦理置换;革命者身份的父亲是小英雄革命思想的启蒙者和革命行动的引导者,寓意小英雄走上革命道路是必然的正确的选择;党的干部是党的智慧化身和小英雄的精神之父;父老乡亲是小英雄行动的力量源泉和党最坚强的依靠。影片结尾共庆胜利不仅是对人民群众的礼赞,更是对儿童“做党的好儿女”、“听党话、跟党走”的热切呼唤。政治叙事与艺术手法完美结合的红色经典叙事,在新时代文艺创作中闪耀光辉。

This paper selects China’s classic children’s films from 1949 to 1976 to explore what rhetorical strategies artists have adopted to skillfully integrate their revolutionary passion, patriotic enthusiasm and aesthetic pursuit into the overall construction of national ideology. The “Red Classic” films they produced not only reflect the political function of film as a cultural medium, but also realize the aesthetic needs of film as audio-visual art, which will shed light on the creation of film and television and its educational function the new era. It is found that the adult characters in the Red Classical films participate in the narrative of children’s growth in the rhetorical way of political metaphor :the film completes the ethical replacement of “protecting the family and defending the country” with the help of “the mother in distress” implying “the suffering motherland”. The “father” of the “revolutionary” identity is the “enlightenment” of the revolutionary thought of the “little heroes” and the “dictator” of the revolutionary action, implying that it is an inevitable and correct choice for the “little heroes” to take the revolutionary road. The “party cadres” are the “embodiment of wisdom” of the party and the “spiritual father” of the“little heroes”. The “villagers” are the “helpers” of the actions of the“little heroes” and the“masses”that the party depends on. Celebrating the end of the victory is not only a tribute to the“masses”. What’s more, it is an earnest inquiry for a generation of children to “be good children of the party” and“listen to the party and follow the party”. The red classic narrative, which is a perfect combination of political narrative and artistic techniques, will still shine in the literary and artistic creation of the new era.