少儿家庭支持,何以可为?——严峻的人口形势下少儿家庭政策建设再探讨

What Can We Do to Support Families with Children?——Rethinking Policy Suggestions for Families with Children in the Severe Demographic Situation

少子老龄化、劳动人口减少等人口结构变化的严峻形势,客观上要求加强少儿家庭政策建设,促进我国人口长期均衡发展。虽然我国在经济支持、服务支持和时间支持等政策建设方面已经取得了一定进展,但在影响生养子女、教育成本等领域仍存在可为空间,在有效调动社会力量积极性、统筹“一老一小”家庭支持政策以及增强治理体制机制的包容审慎性等方面有待进一步加强。为此,需要站在实现国家富强、民族复兴的战略全局高度,积极借鉴国际经验,从经济支持、服务支持、时间支持、就业支持以及住房支持等多个维度,全面推进政策体系建设,尤其要坚持托幼一体化发展方向,促进托育服务包容性发展与治理。

The increasingly prominent situation of aging population with lower fertility highlights the urgency of strengthening support policies for families with children in the new development stage and promoting the long-term balanced development of China’s population.Although China has made certain achievements in adopting policies for families with children to provide economic,service and time support,the current situation shows that there is still much room for action not only in the broader areas that affect the costs of giving birth,raising and educating children,but also in effectively mobilizing social forces,coordinating the support for the elderly and families with children,and enhancing the inclusive and prudent nature of governance system.Therefore,we can learn from international experience,and promote a comprehensive,and multi-dimensional policy system that covers economic support,service support,time support,employment support and housing support in the overall strategic level of achieving national prosperity and rejuvenation.We should especially promote the inclusive development and governance of childcare services with the direction of integrating development of nursery and kindergarten.