基于GBD数据库中国年龄相关性黄斑变性流行病学负担分析

Analysis of the epidemiological burden of age-related macular degeneration in China based on the data of global burden of disease

目的:年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)是WHO认定的三大重点防盲眼病之一,是老年人视力不可逆性损伤的主要原因。本研究旨在通过分析全球疾病负担(global burden of disease,GBD)2019数据库的中国AMD数据,探讨AMD流行病学负担,为中国AMD防控提供理论依据。方法:检索GBD 2019数据库AMD的患病数/率、伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life year,DALYs)、DALY率及中国和全球的社会人口学指数(socio-demographic index,SDI),并统计中国1990年至2019年AMD流行趋势及年龄、时期、性别趋势,研究AMD患病率与SDI之间的关系。结果:2019年中国AMD患病率位于全球高水平,患病人数为1990年的1.93倍,患病率及DALY率均持续上升;中国AMD患病人数年龄趋势呈中间高、两头低形态,且女性高于男性。随着SDI值的增加,AMD的发病率呈线性上升趋势。结论:通过分析GBD数据库,1990年至2019年间中国AMD疾病负担显著上升,居全球前列,且与社会发展程度呈正相关。积极研究AMD流行病学资料及与社会发展水平的关系,对于AMD诊治、卫生政策制定具有重要意义。

Objective:Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is one of the 3 major eye diseases recognized by WHO to prevent blindness,and which is the main cause of irreversible visual impairment in the elderly.This study aims to analyze the disease epidemiological burden,and provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of AMD in China based on the data in global burden of disease(GBD)2019.Methods:The prevalent cases/prevalence,disability-adjusted life year(DALYs)/DALY rate of AMD and socio-demographic index(SDI)for global and China were searched from the GBD 2019 database to analyze the epidemiological trend,age-period-gender trend of AMD in China from 1990 to 2019,and to evaluate the relations between the prevalence and SDI.Results:In 2019,the prevalence of AMD in China was at a high level in the world,and the number of prevalent cases were 1.93 times of that in 1990.The prevalence and DALY rates continued to rise.The age trend of AMD in China was high at the middle of the age stages and low at the two ends,and which was higher in the female than in the male.With the increase of SDI,the prevalence of AMD was increased linearly.Conclusion:The disease burden of AMD in China is increased significantly and is positively correlated with the social development from 1990 to 2019.It is of great significance to study the relationship between epidemilolgical data of AMD and social development level for diagnosis treatment and policy of AMD.