高强抗震塌钢板研制及爆炸试验研究

Development and blast tests of high-strength anti-collapse steel plate

为获得抗震塌性能优异的高强钢板,通过在实验室试制、现场抗震塌爆炸试验及数值计算的方法,对高强钢板的轧制工艺、热处理方法和混凝土-钢板双层结构的抗震塌效果进行了对比分析。结果表明:当冷速达到30℃/s时,钢板试样组织由单一的马氏体组成。采用双道次压缩工艺,奥氏体再结晶区应控制在1 000℃以上,能够保证轧制过程处于奥氏体再结晶区且充分细化晶粒;对于奥氏体未再结晶区轧制,第二阶段开轧温度控制在880~980℃。910℃保温30 min水淬+600℃保温50 min回火的调质工艺得到了完全的回火索氏体组织,细粒状的渗碳体弥散的分布在铁素体基体中,此时高强钢板具有最优的综合力学性能。采用6 mm厚高强钢板为背板的靶标,混凝土用量减少25%、钢材用量减少25%、变形减小了42 mm且混凝土板的破坏程度、范围也明显减小;说明高强钢板具有更好的抗爆炸震塌效果,抗震塌系数可取为0.196。

Here, to obtain high-strength steel plates with excellent anti-collapse performance, through laboratory trial production, on site anti-collapse blast tests and numerical calculation, high-strength steel plates’ rolling process, heat treatment method and anti-collapse effect of concrete-steel plate double-layer structure were analyzed contrastively. The results showed that when the cooling rate reaches 30 ℃/s, microstructure of steel plate specimens is composed of single martensite;when the double-pass compression process is adopted, austenite recrystallization zone should be controlled above 1 000 ℃ to ensure rolling process being in austenite recrystallization zone and grains being fully refined;for rolling in austenite non-recrystallization zone, starting temperature of the second stage should be controlled between 880-980 ℃;heat preservation at 910 ℃ holds for 30 min, water quenching plus heat preservation at 600 ℃ holds for 50 min, tempering process is used to obtain a complete tempered sorbite structure, and fine cementite is distributed in ferrite matrix, at this time, high-strength steel plate has the best comprehensive mechanical properties;for the target with 6 mm thick high-strength steel plate as back plate, amounts of concrete and steel as well as deformation are decreased by 25%, 25% and 42 mm, respectively, and damage extent and scope of concrete plate are also decreased obviously, so high-strength steel plate has better anti-blast effect and anti-collapse effect, its coefficient of anti-collapse can be taken as 0.196.