预制构件生产线和建筑机器人应用研究现状

Application Research Status of Prefabricated Component Production Line and Construction Robot

目前建筑行业仍然是粗犷式发展,整体生产施工自动化程度低,随着劳动力和技工的短缺,建筑行业工业化是未来发展的必经之路。现阶段国内预制构件生产线存在设备自动化程度较低,生产部品非标准化,构件生产工艺不完善等问题。从自动化生产设备和生产工艺方法两方面,介绍了国内外科研院所和厂商最新生产线设备,如中控系统、混凝土搅拌设备、自动钢筋上料绑扎设备、自动拆置模设备、自动布料机和质量监控设备等,并分析了不同生产线生产工艺方法优缺点,对智能动态浇筑和3D混凝土打印等前沿技术进行了展望,为今后生产线设计和智能机器人开发提供了一定的参考。

At present,the construction industry is still developing in a rough way,and the overall level of production and construction automation is low.With the shortage of labor and technicians,the industrialization of the construction industry is the only way for future development.At present,there are some problems in the domestic prefabricated component production line,such as low degree of equipment automation,nonstandard production parts,and incomplete component production process.From two aspects of automatic production equipment and production process methods,this paper introduces the latest production line equipment of scientific research institutes and manufacturers in China and abroad,such as central control system,concrete mixing equipment,automatic steel bar feeding and binding equipment,automatic mold removal equipment,automatic spreader and quality monitoring equipment,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of production process methods of different production lines,and looks forward to frontier technologies such as intelligent dynamic pouring and 3D concrete printing.It provides a certain reference for the future production line design and intelligent robot development.