315例脊髓胶质瘤的临床特点分析

Clinical characteristics of 315 spinal cord gliomas

目的 基于单中心总结脊髓胶质瘤的临床特点。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月—2020年12月在清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院神经外科接受手术治疗并获得病理诊断的315例脊髓胶质瘤患者的临床资料。结果 315例脊髓胶质瘤患者中,男169例,女146例;30~39岁为发病高峰(27.94%),肿瘤累及节段以C5最常见(39.05%),常见临床表现依次是感觉功能障碍、肢体无力、疼痛、二便功能障碍,75.87%的患者术前脊髓功能受损较轻。最常见的脊髓胶质瘤是室管膜瘤(56.19%),儿童组最常见的是毛细胞型星形细胞瘤(26.32%),成人组中最常见的室管膜瘤(62.82%)。结论 脊髓胶质瘤无明确性别差异,成年人多见,易累及颈段,神经功能状态受损较轻,儿童常见病理类型不同于成人。

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of spinal glioma based on a single center. Methods The clinical data of 315 patients with spinal cord glioma who underwent microsurgery and pathological diagnosis in Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University from January 2015 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of 315 patients with spinal glioma, 169 were male and 146 were female. The peak of incidence was 30-39 years old(27.94%). C5was the most common involved segment(39.05%). The clinical manifestations were sensory dysfunction, limb weakness, pain and gatism, 75.87% of the patients had mild preoperative spinal cord function damage. The most common type of spinal gliomas was ependymoma(56.19%). Pilocytic astrocytoma was the most common in children(26.32%), and ependymoma was the most common in adults(62.82%). Conclusions There is no clear gender difference in spinal gliomas. It is common in adults, easy to involve the cervical segment, and the damage of neurological function is mild. The common pathological types of children are different from adults.