“平民底色”与“俚而不俗”:苏轼黄州诗新论

“Civilian Background”and“Popular but not Vulgar”:A New Study on Su Shi’s Huangzhou Poetry

谪居黄州之后,身同平民、迹等黔首的苏轼开始重新审度自己的人生意义,他把热情投注到平凡的世俗生活中,以朴素而灵活的思维方式孕育了一种带有平民底色的审美趣味,并创作了一批书写琐细平凡日常生活的诗歌。由于能够寄温情于平凡,寓思致于琐细,他这一时期的创作一定程度上避免了白体和晚唐体平庸琐屑的流弊,但黄州诗创作态度的率意、句法的简易以及诗歌语言的俚俗等确实客观存在。这类俚而不俗的作品并非苏轼诗风的主调,但却是中唐以来诗歌进程中“日常化”书写的一次成功实践,是北宋“以俗为雅”这一诗学命题的有意义的尝试。

After being exiled to Huangzhou,Su Shi gradually began to pay attention to and integrate into the civilian life,and recorded it with a kind of poetic ode with a creative attitude,simple syntax and vulgar language.These poetic practices are not perfect,which shows that the shortcomings of Bai Letian’s poetry,Yao’s poetry and Jia’s poetry still exist to a certain extent in Su Shi’s poetry of this period.However,Su Shi’s works of Huangzhou did not end up in mediocrity and triviality.Instead,they were able to send warmth to the ordinary and convey thoughts to the trivial.In his practice of Huangzhou poetics,Su Shi had no choice but to go to the vulgar with enthusiasm.However,due to the insufficient artistic accumulation,he still could not mature the vulgar into elegant,so he was still somewhat unsatisfactory.However,the injection of warmth and thoughtfulness made his Huangzhou poems free from the mediocrity and triviality of Bai Letian’s style and the late Tang style.