校园欺凌受害与创伤后应激症状的关系:公正世界信念与社会支持的作用

School Bullying Victimization and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms among Adolescents:The Roles of Beliefs in Just World and Social Support

目的:考察校园欺凌受害、公正世界信念、社会支持与创伤后应激症状(PTSS)之间的关系,明确校园欺凌受害影响PTSS的机制。方法:采用修订后的特拉华欺凌受害量表(学生版)、公正世界信念量表、领悟社会支持问卷和修订后的PTSD症状核查表对848名经历校园欺凌的中小学生进行测查,用回归分析来考察变量之间的关系。结果:在控制性别和年龄之后,校园欺凌受害可以直接正向预测PTSS,也可以通过公正世界信念来正向预测PTSS,社会支持不能显著地调节校园欺凌受害对公正世界信念的影响,但可以显著地调节校园欺凌受害与PTSS之间的关系,即校园欺凌受害对PTSS的正向预测作用随社会支持水平的增加而降低。结论:公正世界信念受损是校园欺凌受害者PTSS发生的重要机制,社会支持可以缓冲校园欺凌对受害者PTSS的影响。

Objective: To examine the relationship between school bullying victimization, beliefs in just world, social support, and posttraumatic stress symptoms(PTSS) among adolescents and elucidate the mechanism underlying the effect of school bullying victimization on PTSS. Methods: Delaware bullying victimization scale(Student Version), beliefs in just world scale, perceived social support questionnaire, and revised PTSD symptom checklists were used to assess 848 students with bullied experiences, and regression analysis was used to examine the relation between main variables. Results: School bullying victimization not only had direct and positive effect on PTSS, but it also had an indirect and positive effect on PTSS by beliefs in just world. Social support had non-significant moderating effect on the relation of school bullying victimization to beliefs in just world, but it exerted significant moderating effect on the association of school bullying victimization with PTSS. Conclusion: Beliefs in just world play an important mechanism underlying the effect of school bullying victimization on PTSS, and social support may buffer the positive effect of school bullying victimization on PTSS.