老年男性身体成分变化和肌量减少状况分析

Analysis of body composition change and muscle mass loss in elderly men

目的探讨老年男性随增龄出现的身体成分变化和肌量减少情况。方法回顾性分析2016年10月—2020年9月于复旦大学附属华东医院常规体检的494例老年男性临床资料。年龄6095岁,平均(75.9±8.6)岁,根据年龄分为6069岁组((n=133)、7079岁组(n=168)以及≥80岁组(n=193)。采集各组全髋(TH)、股骨颈(FN)以及腰椎14(L14)部位的骨密度(BMD)水平;分析肌肉量(LM)、脂肪量(FM)、骨矿物质含量(BMC)、四肢骨骼肌肌量(ASM)和四肢骨骼肌指数(ASMI);比较3组间肌量减少患病率。探讨体质量指数(BMI)与BMD、ASMI,BMD与ASMI的相关性。结果随着年龄的增长,BMD(TH、FN)、身高、体重、BMI、LM、BMC、ASM和ASMI逐渐下降(P<0.05)。6069岁组肌量减少患病率为12.03%(16/133),7079岁组肌量减少患病率为24.40%(41/168),≥80岁组肌肉量减少患病率为47.15%(91/193),3组间肌量减少患病率随增龄而增加(P<0.001)。6069岁组,不同BMI之间BMD(TH)、ASM和ASMI差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。7079岁组以及≥80岁组,不同BMI之间BMD(FN、TH)、ASM和ASMI差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。ASMI与各部位BMD均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论年龄可能是影响老年男性身体成分和肌量减少的重要因素。

Objective To investigate body composition change and muscle mass loss in elderly men with the increase of age.Methods The clinical data of 494 elderly men who received routine physical examination in Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from October 2016 to September 2020 were retrospective analyzed.Their age ranged from 60 to 95 years,with an average of(75.9±8.6)year.They were divided into 3 groups according to age:60-69 years old group(n=133),70-79 years old group(n=168)and≥80 years old group(n=193).Bone mineral density(BMD)of total hip(TH),femoral neck(FN)and lumbar spine(L1-4)were collected in each group.Muscle mass(LM),fat mass(FM),bone mineral content(BMC),appendicular skeletal muscle mass(ASM)and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI)were analyzed.The prevalence of muscle mass loss was compared among the three groups.The correlation between BMI and BMD and ASMI,and correlation between BMD and ASMI were explored.Results With the increase of age,BMD(TH,FN),height,weight,BMI,LM,BMC,ASM and ASMI decreased gradually(P<0.05).The prevalence of muscle mass loss was 12.03%(16/133)in the 60-69 years old group,24.40%(41/168)in the 70-79 years old group and 47.15%(91/193)in the≥80 years old group.The prevalence of muscle mass loss increased with the increase of age among the 3 groups(P<0.001).There were differences in BMD(TH),ASM and ASMI among men with different BMI in the 60-69 age group(P<0.01);there were significant differences in BMD(FN,TH),ASM and ASMI among men with different BMI in the 70-79 years old group and≥80 years old group(P<0.01).ASMI was positively correlated with BMD at all sites(P<0.01).Conclusion Age may be an important factor affecting body composition change and muscle mass loss in elderly men.