江苏省社区成年居民糖尿病新发患者及其前期人群慢性病健康素养调查

Investigation on the health literacy level of chronic diseases among newly diagnosed diabetic patients and prediabetic population in Jiangsu Province

目的 了解江苏省成年居民糖尿病新发患者及其前期人群的慢性病健康素养现状及影响因素,分析其与糖尿病防制知识的关系,为提升社区慢性病预防管理效果提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样,对经糖尿病筛查发现的糖尿病新发患者及其前期人群进行一般资料、糖尿病防制知识、健康素养水平调查。结果 经筛查试验发现糖尿病新发患者及前期人群1 502人,平均年龄为(55.09±7.70)岁,其中男性612(40.7%)人,慢性病健康素养条目平均为(3.95±0.62)分。其中,交流互动能力维度条目均分最低为(3.65±0.90)分。768(51.1%)人慢性病健康素养水平充足。多因素分析结果显示,文化程度、收入水平、离退休情况等社会经济因素是其主要影响因素。调查人群的糖尿病防制知识得分与健康素养水平呈正相关。结论 江苏省成年居民糖尿病新发患者及其前期人群慢性病健康素养水平较高,但通过交流、互动、主动获取健康信息、解决健康问题的能力较差。健康素养水平与糖尿病防制知识得分呈正相关。低文化程度、低收入、离退休人群是促进健康素养工作的重要对象。

Objective To estimate the current status and influencing factors of chronic disease health literacy among newly diagnosed diabetic patients and pre-diabetic population among adult residents of Jiangsu Province, and to analyze the relationship between health literacy level and diabetes prevention knowledge, so as to provide a basis for improving the effectiveness of disease prevention and management. Methods A multistage stratified random sample was used to investigate the general information, diabetes prevention knowledge, and health literacy level of 1 502 prediabetic and newly diagnosed patients. Results The screening test identified 1 502 people with new-onset diabetes and prediabetes, with a mean age of(55.09±7.70) years, including 612(40.7%) men, whose mean chronic disease health literacy entries scored(3.95±0.62);the lowest mean score(3.65±0.90) was for the communication and interaction ability dimension entries, and 768(51.1%) of the population had an adequate level of chronic disease health literacy. The results of the multifactor analysis showed that socioeconomic factors such as education level, income level, and retirement status were the main influencing factors. The knowledge score of diabetes prevention and control of the surveyed population was positively correlated with the level of health literacy. Conclusions Adult residents with newly diagnosed diabetes and prediabetes in Jiangsu Province have a high level of health literacy, but their level of proactively acquiring health information and solving health problems through communication and interaction is low. The level of health literacy is positively correlated with the score of diabetes prevention knowledge. Low-educated, low-income, and retirees are the targets of health literacy promotion actions.