关键核心技术的概念界定、特征辨析及突破路径

Concept Definition,Characteristic Discrimination and Breakthrough Path of Key Core Technology

在对现有文献进行评述的基础上,按照“属加种差”原则重新界定关键核心技术概念,明确指出关键核心技术由特定主体设计并构建、在其所依托的产业技术体系中发挥关键作用且居于核心地位、旨在以稀缺独占性获取产业价值配置主导权的特殊属性;从技术本源视角重新梳理关键核心技术的4个特征,特别强调以其为“根技术”的体系结构复杂性和研究开发活动的原创性;基于关键核心技术衍生于信息时代的全球产业专业化分工背景,指出数据平台或“数据驱动”型技术是制约重要产业关键核心技术突破的共性因素,提出以国家重大科技专项等为组织形式的“两阶段”突破策略。同时,区分关键核心技术突破的4个层次,论证各自的制约因素和合理路径。

Based on the review of existing literature,the concept of key core technology is redefined according to the principle of“specific concept plus differential”,clearly pointing out its special attributes that include being designed and constructed by a specific subject,playing a key role in the industrial technology system on which it is based and occupying the central position,and aiming to obtain the dominance of industrial value allocation by scarcity and exclusivity.The four characteristics of key core technologies are reconsidered from the perspective of technology origin,with emphasis on the complexity of the system structure and the originality of research and development activities with it as the“root technology”.The key core technologies are derived from the information age in which the global industrial specialization division of labor.In this context,data platform or“data-driven”technology become a constraint to the development and breakthrough of key core technologies in important industries.A“two-stage”breakthrough strategy in the form of national major science and technology special projects is proposed.The breakthrough of key core technologies is divided into four levels and their respective constraints and reasonable paths are demonstrated.