人工智能嵌入政府治理:算法图景、价值问题与回归路径

Artificial Intelligence Embedded in Government Governance:Algorithm Picture,Value Issues and Return Path

人工智能嵌入治理最为突出的特征是人类角色被替代,人类的决策和理性能力开始被弱化,转向算法决策、算法理性和算法支配的治理形态,潜在智能技术治理价值负向实现的隐忧,政府治理活动在实际运行中存在数据共享的不安全性、治理责任的模糊性、算法公正减损化以及技术依赖的自主性损害等负向价值问题。为了确保人工智能算法朝着改进政府治理绩效、提升政府治理优良性和有效性的目标行进,需要把增进人类福祉作为公共行政终极价值,从保障数据安全、明晰算法问责、增强算法透明度以及提升主体自主性等方面促使政府治理回归“以人民为中心”的本质特征,实现智能技术治理目的性和工具性的统一。

The most prominent feature of artificial intelligence embedded in governance is that human roles are replaced,and human decision-making and rational capabilities begin to be weakened in favor of algorithmic decision-making,algorithmic rationality,and algorithm-dominated governance forms.It potentially poses the hidden concern of negative realization of the value of smart technology governance,and government governance activities in actual operation are subject to value issues such as insecurity of data sharing,the ambiguity of governance responsibilities,detracting from algorithmic justice,and impairment of technology-dependent autonomy.In order to ensure that the artificial intelligence algorithm moves toward the goal of improving the performance of government governance and enhancing the excellence and effectiveness of government governance,it is necessary to take the promotion of human welfare as the ultimate value of public administration,promote government governance back to the essential characteristic of“people-centered”in terms of securing data security,clarifying the accountability of the algorithm,enhancing the transparency of the algorithm and improving the autonomy of the subject,and realize the unity of the purpose and instrumentality of intelligent technology governance.