数据监管的国际路径:困境与出路

The International Path of Data Regulation:Dilemmas and Solutions

除了各国不同的域内规制外,数据的国际监管也是必不可少的环节。由于数据治理与数据自由利用的失衡,数据监管的国际路径相应出现了诸多问题,需要进行认识、反思与解决。在将数据监管的国际路径类型化为贸易机制、标准化机制和认证机制的基础上,发现其正遭受阵营化、局限化和削弱化的困境。面对这种形势,各国应从“兼容”与“互通”、模块化处理和机能强化三个方面入手寻找出路。中国也应以此为鉴,借助不同的机制安排在阵营化中实现非零和博弈,从而在避免监管脱钩的前提下融入全球数据流动的循环圈。

In addition to the different domestic regulations of various countries,the international regulation of data is also an essential link.As a result of the imbalance between data governance and free access to data,international path to data regulation have accordingly emerged with numerous problems that need to be recognized,reflected upon and addressed.On the basis of translating the types of international pathways for data regulation into trade,standardization and certification mechanisms,it is found that they are suffering from the dilemma of fragmentation,limitation increase and weakening.In the face of this situation,countries should look for a way out in three areas including“compatibility”and“interoperability”,modularisation and functional strengthening.China should also take this as a lesson to achieve a non-zero-sum game through different institutional arrangements in order to integrate into the circle of global data flows without regulatory decoupling.