“胡焕庸线”东西部城乡发展不平衡趋势及沿博台线微突破策略

Unbalanced trend of urban and rural development on the east and west sides of Hu Huanyong Line and micro-breakthrough strategy along the Bole-Taipei Line

在新时代推进区域发展实现更平衡更充分的大背景下,需要站在国家区域协调均衡发展的战略高度,综合考虑“胡焕庸线”东西两侧的自然环境、经济社会发展不平衡现状及差距加速拉大的现实,提出沿博台线实现微突破的基本设想。研究认为,“胡焕庸线”是中国重要的人口地理分界线、重要的自然地理与生态环境分界线、国家主体功能区与国家生态功能区的分界线、中国新型城镇化主体区与非主体区的分界线、中国经济社会发展不平衡不充分的分界线。1980—2020年间“胡焕庸线”两侧经济社会发展差距拉大,未来30年(2020—2050年)可破局缩差沿博台线实现微突破,重点微突破“10个10%”,争取实现西北半壁人口占全国比重达到10%,经济总量占全国比重达到10%,经济增长速度保持在10%以上,全社会固定资产投资占全国比重超过10%,地方财政收入占全国比重超过10%,实际利用外资占全国比重达到10%,人均GDP增速超过10%,城镇居民人均可支配收入绝对差额拉大速度控制在10%以内,农村居民人均可支配收入绝对差额拉大速度控制在10%以内,教育资源绝对差距以年均10%的速度缩小。为了实现微突破战略目标,沿博台线从人口微布局、经济微布局、城镇化微布局、产业微布局、完善生态补偿转移机制、实施西部精深开发战略等方面提出了缩小“胡焕庸线”东西部发展差距的主要路径与对策建议。

Under the background of promoting more balanced and fuller regional development in the new era, standing at the strategic height of national regional coordinated and balanced development, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the natural environment, the unbalanced situation of economic and social development and the reality of widening gap on both sides of the Hu Huanyong Line, and put forward the basic idea of the Hu Huanyong Line to achieve micro-breakthrough along the Bole-Taipei Line. The Hu Huanyong Line is an important dividing line of population geography, natural geography and ecological environment in China, the dividing line of national main function area and national ecological function area,the dividing line of new urbanization main area and non-main area in China, and the dividing line of unbalanced and inadequate economic and social development in China. In the past 40years, the gap of economic and social development between the two sides of the Hu Huanyong Line has been widening at an accelerating speed. In the next 30 years, the gap can be narrowed to achieve micro-breakthroughs, focusing on achieving "ten 10% ", namely, the proportion of population in the northwest half of China will be 10%, the proportion of total economy will be10%, with the economic growth rate being more than 10%, the proportion of fixed asset investment in the whole society will be more than 10%, the proportion of local fiscal revenue will be more than 10%, the proportion of actual use of foreign capital will be 10%, the growth rate of per capita GDP will be more than 10%, the rate of increase in the absolute difference in the per capita disposable income of urban residents will be controlled within 10%, the rate of increase in the absolute difference in the per capita disposable income of rural residents will be controlled within 10%, and the absolute gap in education resources will be narrowing at an average annual rate of 10%. In order to achieve the strategic goal of micro-breakthrough, this paper puts forward the main paths and countermeasures to narrow the development gap between the east and the west of the Hu Huanyong Line and attain the micro-breakthrough from the aspects of population micro-layout, economic micro-layout, urbanization microlayout, industrial micro-layout, moderate water diversion nearby, improvement of ecological compensation and transfer mechanism, construction of the Bole-Taipei Line and implementation of the strategy of further development in the western region.