超重或肥胖对新型冠状病毒核酸转阴时间的影响

The effect of overweight or obesity on the negative conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid

目的探讨成年新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)确诊患者与无症状感染者的体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)水平与其新冠病毒核酸转阴时间的关系。方法动态纳入2021年2月—2021年11月成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心收治的无症状感染者与COVID-19确诊患者。收集研究对象的流行病学与临床特征资料,连续监测其住院期间的新冠病毒核酸检测情况,记录核酸转阴时间。采用t检验或者秩和检验、χ^(2)检验或者Fisher确切概率法分别考察各组变量的分布特征及不同变量间的联系,将不同BMI分组间分布存在差异(P<0.05)的变量纳入多因素Cox比例风险回归模型。结果本次研究共纳入253名研究对象,年龄18~63岁,年龄的M(P_(25),P_(75))为37.00(30.00,47.00)岁,男女比例为4.16∶1。研究对象的BMI为(23.97±3.33)kg/m^(2),50.59%(128/253)的研究对象超重或肥胖,超重者占78.13%(100/128)。所有研究对象的新冠病毒核酸转阴时间在1~71 d,M(P_(25),P_(75))为7.0(2.0,18.0)d(P<0.001),其中消瘦或体重正常者、超重或肥胖者新冠病毒核酸转阴时间的M(P_(25),P_(75))分别为5.00(2.00,19.00)d、8.00(2.00,17.75)d。多因素Cox比例风险回归结果显示,BMI水平可能与核酸转阴时间无关(HR=1.090,95%CI:0.843~1.410,P=0.510)。结论成年无症状感染者与COVID-19确诊患者中,以中青年男性为主,超重或肥胖现象较为普遍。尚且不能认为超重或肥胖是新冠病毒核酸转阴时间的独立影响因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the body mass index(BMI)levels and the negative conversion time of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)nucleic acid in adult coronavirus disease2019(COVID-19)patients and the asymptomatic persons.Methods Asymptomatic infected patients and confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center from February 2021 to November 2021 were dynamically included.The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the objects were collected,and the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid testing of the objects during their hospitalization was continuously monitored,and the negative nucleic acid conversion time was recorded.The t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test,χ^(2)test or Fisher’s exact probability method examine were used to distribute characteristics of each group of variables and the connection between different variables,respectively.Then the variables showed differences in distribution(P<0.05)between different BMI groups were included in the multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model.Results A total of 253 subjects ranged from 18 to 63 years old,with M(P_(25),P_(75))age of 37.0(30.0,47.0)years old,were included in this study.The male to female ratio was 4.16 to 1.The BMI was(23.97±3.33)kg/m~2.50.59%(128/253)of the objects were overweight or obese,and 78.13%(100/128)were overweight.The negative time of SARS-CoV-2nucleic acid conversion of all subjects ranged from 1 to 71 days,with M(P_(25),P_(75))of 7.0(2.0,18.0)days(P<0.001).The negative time of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid conversion of the normal weight or the thin,and the overweight or obese were 5.00(2.00,19.00)and 8.00(2.00,17.75)days respectively.The results of multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards regression model showed that the BMI levels may not be associated with the negative conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid(HR=1.090,95%CI:0.843-1.410,P=0.510).Conclusions Adult asymptomatic persons and confirmed COVID-19 patients are mainly middleaged and young males,and overweight or obesity is relatively common.Overweight or obesity cannot be considered as an independent factor influencing the negative conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid.